Library Collections: Document: Full Text

CALENDAR
1946-1947

September 10. Stated Meeting of the Board of Trustees
September 17. Staff Meeting
September 18. Pupils return after Summer Vacation
September 19. School begins
September 23. Matrons Meeting All Matrons)

October 7. Staff Meeting
October 8. Executive Committee Meeting
October 9. Staff Reception-Director's Residence
October 14. Matrons' Meeting (Lower School)

November 4. Annual Meeting of the Corporation
November 11. Staff Meeting
November 12. Executive Committee Meeting
November 18. Matrons' Meeting (Girls' Upper School)
November 28 Thanksgiving Day. December 9. Staff Meeting
December 10. Stated Meeting of the Board of Trustees
December 15.Christmas Concert
December 16. Matrons' Meting (Boys' Upper School)
December 16. Cottage Christmas parties
December 17. Christmas Concert
December 19. Christmas Concert
December 20. Beginning Christmas Vacation

January 6. Pupils and Staff return from Vacation
January 7. School begins
January 13. Staff Meeting

January 14. Executive Committee Meeting January 20 Matrons' Meeting (All Matrons)

February 11. Executive Committee
February 17. Matrons' Meeting (Lower School)

February 22. Holiday

March 10. Staff Meeting
March 11. Stated Meeting of the Board of Trustees
March 17. Matrons' Meeting (Girls' Upper School)
March 27 Pupils leave for Easter Vacation after Classes

April 7. Pupil return from Easter Vacation
April 8. Executive Committee Meeting
April 8. School begins

May 12. Staff Meeting
May 13. Executive Committee Meeting
May 19. Matrons' Meeting (All Matrons)
May 30. Holiday

June 7. Alumnae Day
June 9. Staff Meeting
June 10. Stated Meeting a the Board of Trustees
June l2. Graduation Day
June 14. Alumni Day

September 8. Staff Meeting
September 9. Pupils Return from Summer Vacation
September 10. School Begins
September 16. Stated Meeting of the Board of Trustees

PERKINS INSTITUTION

HISTORY

IN 1826 Dr. John D. Fisher returned to Boston from Paris resolved to provide for the blind of Massachusetts the same care afforded them in France. Enlisting the aid of friends, a committee was formed and upon petition to the Legislature an Act of Incorporation was granted on March 2, 1829, establishing "The New England Asylum for the Blind," the first school in America for those without sight. In 1831 Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe, just returned from participation in the Greek wars, was elected the first director, and in August, 1832, the first classes were held in the house of Dr. Howe's father on Pleasant Street.

During the early years Col. Thomas H. Perkins became interested in the little school and gave for its use his large house on Pearl Street. The need for larger quarters was soon apparent, and in 1839 the great hotel in South Boston was purchased. This purchase was made possible by the assent of Colonel Perkins to the sale of the house that he had given to the School. Because of this magnanimous attitude of Colonel Perkins the Trustees renamed the school "Perkins Institution and Massachusetts Asylum for the Blind." This name was changed in 1877 to the present name, "Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind."

Dr. Howe directed the growing work of Perkins Institution for forty years and was succeeded in 1876 by his Greek protégé and son-in-law, Michael Anagnos. Mr. Anagnos created the Howe Memorial Press for publishing embossed books and for the manufacture of appliances for education of the blind. In 1887 he founded the Kindergarten in Jamaica Plain, the first school in the world for little blind children. After thirty years of leadership Mr. Anagnos died in Rumania in 1906.

In 1907 the directorship of Perkins Institution fell to Edward E. Allen, head of the school for the blind in Philadelphia, where he had just rebuilt the school plant on a garden site outside of the city. Coming to Boston, Mr. Allen began plans for a new Perkins, and in 1912 the Institution and in 1913 the Kindergarten were housed in the beautiful new plant at Watertown. These buildings, situated on an old estate of thirty-four acres on the banks of the Charles River, have school and residence facilities for nearly three hundred pupils. Dr. Allen retired in 1931. His last official act was to write the one hundredth annual report. Thus for a century Perkins Institution had but three directors.

PURPOSE

Perkins Institution provides for the visually handicapped youth of New England full educational opportunity from Kindergarten through High School. The content of instruction corresponds with that offered to seeing boys and girls in the public schools. The methods of instruction of necessity differ. Principal differences are that embossed books take the place of ink-print, and studies are taught objectively. In the adaptation and invention of means of instructing the blind, Perkins has been a pioneer through its century of existence. Much attention is paid to physical and manual training and to music. Opportunity is provided for those qualified to pursue higher studies or take advanced work in music and vocational fields.

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Boys and girls without sight or with insufficient sight to read ink-print are admitted as pupils, if capable of education and in good health. While at the school pupils reside in cottages where the teachers also live, and through this association they acquire that unconscious tuition which is such an important part of the program of socialization. The primary aim of Perkins Institution is to qualify its visually handicapped pupils to take contributory places in normal life. New pupils are admitted in September and February, and all pupils must return to their homes for the short vacations at Christmas and Easter and for the long vacation in the summer.

PAST OFFICERS

PRESIDENTS

1830-1837, JONATHAN PHILLIPS
1838-1839, SAMUEL APPLETON
1840-1846, PETER C. BROOKS
1847-1854, RICHARD FLETCHER
1855-1861, EDWARD BROOKS
1861-1869, SAMUEL MAY
1870-1871, MARTIN BRIMMER
1872-1897, SAMUEL ELIOT
1898-1930, FRANCIS H. APPLETON
1930-1946, ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
1946- REGINALD FITZ, M.D.

VICE-PRESIDENTS

1830-1834, WILLIAM CALHOUN
1835-1846, THOMAS H. PERKINS
1847-1850, EDWARD BROOKS
1851-1852, JOHN D. FISHER
1852-1866, STEPHEN FAIRBANKS
1867-1870, JOSEPH LYMAN
1871-1892, JOHN CUMMINGS
1893-1896, GEORGE HALE
1897-1911, AMORY A. LAWRENCE
1912-1913, N. P. HALLOWELL
1914-1921, GEORGE H. RICHARDS
1922-1929, WILLIAM L. RICHARDSON
1930-1946, G. PEABODY GARDNER
1946- RALPH LOWELL

TREASURERS

1830-1839, RICHARD TUCKER
1840-1846, PETER R. DALTON
1847-1861, THOMAS B. WALES
1862-1868, WILLIAM CLAFLIN
1869-1872, WILLIAM ENDICOTT
1873-1879, HENRY ENDICOTT
1880-1881, PATRICK T. JACKSON
1881-1902, EDWARD JACKSON
1903-1904, PATRICK T. JACKSON
1904-1916, WILLIAM ENDICOTT
1917-1935, ALBERT THORNDIKE
1935-1945, ROGER AMORY
1945- JOHN P. CHASE

SECRETARIES AND DIRECTORS

1831-1876, SAMUEL GRIDLEY HOWE
1876-1906, MICHAEL ANAGNOS
1907-1931, EDWARD E. ALLEN
1931- GABRIEL FARRELL

OFFICERS OF THE CORPORATION

1946-1947

PRESIDENT
REGINALD FITZ. M.D.

VICE-PRESIDENT
RALPH LOWELL

SECRETARY
GABRIEL FARRELL

TREASURER
JOHN P. CHASE

ASSISTANT TREASURER
HOWARD WHITMORE, JR.

BOARD OF TRUSTEES
DAVID CHEEVER, JR.
REV. JOHN J. CONNOLLY*
MRS. RICHARD E. DANIELSON
REGINALD FITZ, M.D.
ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
MRS. HOMER GAGE
HENRY W. HOLMES, LL.D.
DANIEL J. LYNE*
CHARLES MALIOTIS*
WARREN MOTLEY
MRS. HENRY PARKMAN, JR.*
RICHARD SALTONSTALL

STANDING COMMITTEES

Executive
REGINALD FITZ, M.D., President, ex officio
JOHN P. CHASE, Treasurer, ex officio
GABRIEL FARRELL, Secretary, ex officio
MRS. RICHARD E. DANIELSON
ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
DANIEL J. LYNE
WARREN MOTLEY

Finance
JOHN P. CHASE, Treasurer, ex officio
ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
RALPH LOWELL
RICHARD SALTONSTALL

SUB-COMMITTEES
Appointed by the Executive Committee

Education
HENRY W. HOLMES, LL.D.
ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
REV. JOHN J. CONNOLLY

Health
REGINALD FITZ, M.D.
MRS. HOMER GAGE
MRS. HENRY PARKMAN, JR.

MONTHLY VISITING COMMITTEE
Whose duty it is to visit and inspect the Institution at least once in each month

January WARREN MOTLEY
February REGINALD FITZ, M.D.
March HENRY W. HOLMES, LL.D.
April DAVID CHEEVER, JR.
May RICHARD SALTONSTALL
June ROBERT H. HALLOWELL
September MRS. HOMER GAGE
October MRS. HENRY PARKMAN, JR.
November DANIEL J. LYNE
December MRS. RICHARD E. DANIELSON

LADIES' VISITING COMMITTEE TO THE KINDERGARTEN
MRS. FREDERICK J. ALLEY, Secretary
MISS ANDREE CASSELS
MRS. ALFRED KIDDER, 2d
MRS. ALGERNON COOLIDGE
MISS ELEANOR S. PARKER

Honorary Members

MRS. LARZ ANDERSON
MRS. MAUD HOWE ELLIOTT

*Appointed by the Governor of the Commonwealth.

OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION

DIRECTOR
GABRIEL FARRELL, B.S., B.D., D.D.

DIRECTOR-EMERITUS
EDWARD E. ALLEN. A.B., D.Sc.

OFFICE
J. STEPHENSON HEMPHILL, B.S., M.B.A., Bursar

________________
Secretary to the Director

VERNA L. ANDERSON
Secretary to the Bursar

MRS. HELEN C. GRANT
Secretary to the Principal.

HARRIET M. PHILLIPS
Ediphonist

ETHEL L. MACKENZIE
Bookkeeper

ALICE E. DOUGHER
Assistant

FRANK H. GREENE
Telephone Operator

JOAN BAUM
Assistant

MRS. OLIVE W. PUTNAM, Receptionist*

LIBRARY

MARY ESTHER SAWYER, Librarian

FLORENCE J. WORTH, Circulation

MARION A. WOODWORTH, Reference

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

VICTOR G. BALBONI, M.D., Attending Physician
MARJORIE POTTER, R.N., Resident Nurse

REINHOLD RUELBERG, D.M.D.
Dentist for the Lower School

MARK D. ELLIOTT, D.D.S.
Dentist for the Upper School

FRANK R. OBER, M.D.
Orthopedic Surgeon

CHARLES I. JOHNSON, M.D.
Otologist

FRANCIS R. DIEUAIDE, M.D.
Syphilologist

TRYGVE GUNDERSEN, M.D., JOSEPH M. CLOUGH, M.D.
Ophthalmologists

HERBERT BARRY, JR., M.D.
Psychiatrist

ALLAN M. BUTLER, M.D.
Pediatrician

HENRY R. VIETS, M.D.
Neurologist

DEPARTMENT OF PERSONNEL AND RESEARCH

SAMUEL P. HAYES, A.B., M.A., Ph.D., Psychologist

FRANCES E. MARSHALL
Home Visitor

E. JANE SMITH, B.S.
Psychometrist

SHIRLIE L. SMITH, R.P.T.T.
Physiotherapist

MRS. SINA F. WATERHOUSE, A.B., M.A.t
Speech Correction

M. ALBERTINA EASTMAN, B.S.t
Speech Correction

MARJORIE F. RITCHIE Secretary

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DEPARTMENT OF MAINTENCE

NELSON COON
Buildings and Grounds

MAURICE J. CARROLL
Chief Engineer

*Employed part time.
T Visually handicapped.

UPPER SCHOOL STAFF

ALLAN W. SHERMAN, A.B., M.A., Principal
ALICE M. CARPENTER, A.B., M.A., D.Ped., Supervisor of Girls

COLLEGE PREPRATORY AND LITERARY DEPARTMENTS

FLORENCE W. BARBOUR, A.B.
JOHN P. EGAN, B.S. !
ETHEL D. EVANS
GERTRUDE S. HARLOW !
GENEVIEVE M. HAVEN, A.B., Ed.M.
ARMAND J. MICHAUD, A.B., M.A.!
PHILIP G. WORRICK, B.S. Physical Education
ANNA G. NEWELL, A.B., PhD.*
CLAUDIA POTTER, A.B.
CLARA L. PRATT
ELSIE H. SIMONDS, A.B.
ORIN A. STONE, B.S., B.D., M.A.
EDWARD J. WATERHOUSE, B.A., M.A
BEATRICE F. PINKHAM, B.S. Physical Education

MUSIC DEPARTMENT

JOHN F. HARTWELL
EDWARD W. JENKINS, L.T.C.L.*!
PAUL L. BAUGUSS*
MRS. MARJORIE A. CARR
ELIZABETH C. HART GEORGE FAULKNER, L.T.C.L.
LOUISE SEYMOUR
MRS. VIRGINIA B. RAYMOND*

COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT

MARY H. FERGUSON
MRS. VESTA V. COON, A.B.

VOCATIONAL DEPARTMENT

SUSAN M. BROOKS
WALTER P. CARR
LEO V. GITTZUS, B.S., M.A.
SIDNEY B. DORFEE!
Pianoforte Tuning
FRANCES L. MCGAW
SHARLIE M. CHANDLER
HELEN DUNNE, B.S.
ARLENE I. ECCLES, B.S.
Home Economics

MATRONS OF COTTAGES

MRS. SARAH M. KEITH, Eliot
MRS. STELLA D. JENKINS, Bridgman
MISS LAURA TRIPP, Tompkins
MRS. FRIEDA JABLONSKE, Moulton
MRS. RUTH E. GEER, Fisher
MRS. PEARL GOSLING, Brooks
MRS. NELLIE E. H. HAMILL, May
MISS STELLA S. ELDRIDGE, Oliver

DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER TRAINING

DR. EDWARD E. ALLEN
Lecturer, Graduate School of Education. Harvard University
DR. GABRIEL FARRELL
Lecturer, Graduate School of Education
Harvard University

DR. SAMUEL P. HAYES
Consulting Psychologist, American
Foundation for the Blind

*Employed part time.
! Visually handicapped.

LOWER SCHOOL STAFF

PRIMARY

BENJAMIN F. SMITH, A.B., M.A.!
PATRICIA VOGEL, B.S.
BERTHA FEINBERG, A.B.
MRS. JESSIE W. MAYSHARK
CAROLINE PETERS
ANTHONY ACKERMAN, A.B ! KINDERGARTEN

FEODORE M. NICHOLLS
EVELYN KAUFMAN, A.B.!
MARY FRANCES DAVIES, B.S.
MURIEL HERRICK, B.S.
SUSAN E. MORSE
HELENA M. DRAKE !
BETTY NYE!
MARION HOSKEN, A.B.

SPECIAL TEACHERS

ELEANOR W. THAYER, A.B., Music
MRS. PERLEY C. WHITE, Music
MRS. ALINE MCDOWELL, Visual Aid
MARGARET A. MCKENZIE ! Handicrafts
MARGARET MILLER,! Librarian
GERTRUDE D. SEIBERT, B.S., Recreation

MATRONS OF COTTAGES

MRS. MARY L. HUNT, Potter
MRS. AFFIE PLUMMER, Assistant
MRS. JANET G. HANCOCK, Anagnos
GLADYS POTHIER, ! Assistant
MRS. MARGARET LUF, Glover
MRS.LAURA B. ELDRIDGE, Assistant
ETHEL M. GOODWIN, Bradlee
MRS. FLORENCE B. ROBISON, Assistant

DEAF-BLIND DEPARTMENT

N. MAURINE NILSSSON, A.B., M.A.
MOLLIE CAMBRIDGE, A.B !
MRS. ROSE M. VIVIAN, B.S
MADGE DOLF
MRS. CAROL MOLES
JOSEPH E. JABLONSKE !
IVA E. COMSTOCK
MILDRED HARTFORD !
MARGARET HAYMAN !
LEO F. QUEENAN !
JUDITH G. SILVESTER

WORKSHOP FOR ADULTS

EMILY V. S. RAMSAY, Clerk
FRANK C. BRYAN, Manager

HOWE MEMORIAL PRESS

FRANK C. BRYAN, Manager
EDWARD J. WATERHOUSE, B.A., M.A.
JOHN P. EGAN, B.S. !
DAVID ABRAHAM
MARY L. TULLY, Clerk

*Employed part time.
! Visually handicapped.

MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION

Allbright, Clifford, Weston
Allen, Edward E., Cambridge
Allen, Mrs. Edward E., Cambridge
Allen, Hon. Frank G., Boston
Allen, Philip R. Walpole
Allen, Mrs. Philip R., Walpole
Alley, Mrs. Frederick J., Boston
Amory, Robert, Boston
Amory, Roger, Boston
Anderson, Mrs. Larz, Brookline
Appleton, Francis Henry, Brookline
Appleton, Mrs. Francis Henry, Brookline
Bacon, Hon. Gaspar G., Dedham
Ballentine, Arthur A., New York
Bancroft, Miss Eleanor C., Beverly
Bartol, Mrs. John W., Boston
Barton, George Sumner, Worcester
Bayne, Mrs. William, 3d, Westwood
Beach, Rev. David N., New Haven, Conn.
Beatley, Prof. Ralph, Cambridge
Belash, Constantine A., Boston
Belash, Mrs. Constantine A. Boston
Bird, Miss Ann, East Walpole
Bird, Mrs. Francis W., East Walpole
Blake, Fordyce T., Worcester
Boardman, Mrs. E. A., Boston
Boyden, Charles, Boston
Boyden, Mrs, Charles, Boston
Brooks, Mrs. Arthur H., Cambridge
Brooks, Gorham, Boston
Brooks, Lawrence G., West Medford
Brooks, Mrs. Lawrence G., West Medford
Brown, Mrs. Charles R., New Haven, Conn.
Bullard, Miss Ellen T., Boston
Bullock, Chandler. Worcester
Burr, L. Tucker, Jr., Boston
Cabot, Mrs. Thomas H., Peterboro, N. H.
Camp, Mrs. Edward C., Watertown Carter,
Richard B., West Newton
Carter, Mrs. Richard B. West Newton
Case, Hon. Norman S., Providence, R. I.
Case, Mrs. Norman S., Providence, R. I.
Cassels, Miss Andree, Boston
Chase, John P., Boston
Choate, Robert B., Boston
Claus, Henry T., Wilmington, Del.
Clifford, John H., New Bedford
Coffin, Mrs. Rockwell A., Harwichport
Connolly, Rev. John J., Boston
Coolidge, Mrs. Algernon, Boston
Coolidge, William A., Boston
Coiling, Charles E., Boston
Crapo, Henry H., New Bedford
Crowninshield, Francis B., Boston
Cunningham, Edward, Dedham
Cunningham, Mrs. Edward, Jr., Dedham
Curtis, Charles P. Jr., Boston
Curtis, James F., Roslyn, N. Y.
Curtis, Louis, Boston
Curtis, Richard C., Boston
Cutler, George C., Dedham
Daley, Mrs. Francis J., Somerville
Danielson, Richard E., Boston
Danielson, Mrs. Richard E., Boston
Day, Mrs. Frank A., Newton
Denny, Dr. George P., Boston
Dexter, Miss Harriett, Boston
Dolan, William G., Boston
Dowd, Mrs. John F., Roxbury
Draper, Eben S., Hopedale
Drury, Theodore F., Weston
Dutton, Mrs. George D., Walpole
Eliot, Amory, Boston
Elliott, Mrs. Maud Howe, Newport, R. I.
Emmons, Mrs. Robert W., Boston
Endicott, Henry, Boston
Farrell, Gabriel, Watertown
Farrell, Mrs. Gabriel, Watertown
Faxon, Henry H., M.D., Brookline
Fay, Mrs. Dudley B., Boston
Fenno, Mrs. L. C., Boston
Fitz, Reginald, M.D., Brookline
Fitz, Mrs. Reginald, Brookline
Ford, Lawrence A., Beverly
Foster, Mrs. Reginald, Boston
Fox, Miss Edith M., Arlington
French, Miss M. Eunice, Providence, R.I
Frothingham, Mrs. L. A., North Easton
Fuller, George F., Worcester
Gage, Mrs. Homer, Worcester
Gage, Miss Mabel C., Worcester
Gale, Lyman W., Boston
Gardiner, John H., Brookline
Gardner, G. Peabody, Brookline
Gaskill, George A., Worcester
Gaskins, Frederick A., Milton
Gaylord, Emerson C., Chicopee
Gilbert, Carl J., Needham
Gilbert, William E., Springfield
Gleason, Miss Ellen H., Jamaica Plain
Gray, Francis C., Boston
Gray, Roland, Boston
Greenough, Mrs. Henry V., Brookline
Greenough, Malcolm W.. Boston
Griswold, Merrill, Boston
Gundersen, Dr. Trygve, Brookline
Gundersen, Mrs. Trygve, Brookline
Hall,Miss Minna B., Brookline
Hallowell, Richard P., 2d, Boston
Hallowell, Robert H., Dedham
Hallowell, Mrs. Robert H., Dedham
Hallowell, Robert H., Jr., Dover
Hallowell, Mrs. Robert H., Jr., Dover
Harris, Rev. John U., Chestnut Hill
Hayden, J. Willard, Lexington
Hayden, Mrs. J. Willard, Lexington Hemenway, Mrs. Augustus, Milton
Herter, Christian A., Boston
Higginson, Francis L., Boston
Hill, Alfred S., Somerville
Hill, Arthur D., Boston
Hinds, Mrs. E. S., Boston
Holmes, Dr. Henry W., Cambridge
Howard, Mrs. Henry S., Jr., Newport, R.I.
Howe, James C., Boston
Hubbard, Mrs. Charles W., 3d Brookline
Humbert, Miss W. R., Boston
Hunnewell, Walter, Boston
Hunt, James R., Jr., Boston
Iasigi, Miss Marie V., Boston
Jackson, Charles, Jr., Boston
Jackson, Mrs. James, Westwood
Jeffries, J. Amory, Boston
Johnson, Arthur S., Boston
Kidder, Mrs. Alfred, 3d, Cambridge
Kidder, Mrs. Henry P., Meadville, Pa.
King, Mrs. James G., Cambridge
King, Mrs. Tarrant P., Boston
Lamb, Mrs. Horatio A., Boston
Lamb, Miss Rosamond, Boston
Latimer, Mrs. G. D., Brookline
Lawrence, Mrs. A. A., Brookline
Lawrence, Rev. Frederic C., Brookline
Lawrence, John S., Boston
Lawrence, Rt. Rev. W. Appleton, Springfield
Leavitt, Rev. Ashley D., Brookline
Ley, Harold A., New York
Lincoln, Mrs. George C., Worcester
Lovering, Richard S., Hoffman, N. C. '
Lovett, Miss Eleanor H., New London, N. H.
Lowell, James H., Boston
Lowell, Miss Lucy, Boston
Lowell, Ralph, Boston
Lyman, Mrs. Arthur T., Westwood
Lyman, Mrs. Ronald T., Boston
Lyne, Daniel J., Chestnut Hill
MaePhie, Mrs. Elmore I., West Newton
Maliotis, Charles, Boston
Mason, Mrs. Andrew, Brookline
Mason, Charles E., Jr., Boston
Mason, Charles F., Framingham
Mayo-Smith, Richmond, Dedham
McElwain, R. Franklin, Holyoke
Merrill, Rev. Boynton, Columbus, Ohio
Merriman, Mrs. E. Bruce, Providence, R. I.
Merriman, Mrs. Roger B., Cambridge
Minot, James J., Boston
Monks, Rev. G. Gardner, Cohasset
Montagu, Mrs. H. B., England
Morison, Samuel Eliot, Cambridge
Motley, Edward, Concord
Motley, Warren, Boston
Myers, Mrs. John W., Boston
Osgood, Phillips E., Winter Park, Fla.
Parker, Miss Eleanor S., Boston
Parker, William A., Boston
Parker, W. Stanley, Boston
Parkman, Henry, Jr., Boston
Parkman, Mrs. Henry, Jr., Boston
Partridge, Fred F., Holyoke
Peabody, Harold, Boston
Perkins, Mrs. Charles B., Jamaica Plain
Perkins, Rev. Palfrey, Boston
Pool, Mrs. E. A., New York City
Pratt, George D., Springfield
Proctor, James H., Boston
Prouty, Robert M., Hingham
Prouty, Mrs. Robert M., Hingham
Putnam, Mrs. Eliot T., Jr., Dedham
Putnam, Mrs. George T., Dedham
Rantoul, Neal, Boston
Rice, John C., Boston
Richards, Henry H., Groton
Richards, John, Concord, N. H.
Richards, Tudor, Groton
Richardson, John, Milton
Richardson, Mrs. John, Milton
Robinson, George F., Watertown
Rogers, Mrs. Robert E., Cambridge
Rogerson, Francis C., Duxbury
Saltonstall, Hon. Leverett, Chestnut Hill
Saltonstall, Mrs. Leverett, Chestnut Hill
Sears, Seth, Brewster
Shattuck, Henry L., Boston
Shaw, Mrs. Carleton A., Groton
Sherrill, Rt. Rev. Henry K., Boston
Sims, Mrs. William S., Boston
Slater, Mrs. H. N., New York
Snow, Mrs. William G., Newton Centre
Stafford, Rev. Russell H., Hartford, Conn.
Stinson, Mrs. James, Worcester
Sturgis, R.. Clipston, Portsmouth, N. H.
Sturgis, S. Warren, Boston
Sullivan, Mrs. James A., Boston
Thayer, John E., Milton
Theopold, Philip H., Dedham
Thomas, Mrs. John B., Boston
Thorndike, Albert, Milton
Thorndike, Benjamin A. G., Dedham
Thorndike, Miss Rosanna D., Boston
Tifft, Eliphalet T., Springfield
Tilden, Miss Alice F., Boston
Tilden, Miss Edith S., Boston
Todd, Francis B., New York
Underwood, Herbert S., Winchester
Van Norden, Mrs. Grace C., Pittsfield
Vaughan, Miss Bertha H., Cambridge
Vaughan, Miss Margaret I., Haddonfield, N. J.
Wadsworth, Eliot, Boston
Warren, Bentley W., Boston
Washburn, Mrs. Frederick A., Boston
Washburn, Rev. Henry B., Cambridge
Watson, Mrs. Thomas A., Boston
Wendell, William G., West Hartford, Conn.
White, Miss Eliza Orne, Brookline
Whitten, Matthew P., Worcester
Wiggins, Mrs. Charles, 2d, Dedham
Wiggins, Mrs. John, Alden, Pa.
Wiggins, John, Alden, Pa.
Wilder, Charles P., Worcester
Wolcott, Roger, Boston
Wright, George R., Cambridge
Wright, Miss Lucy, Boston
Young, B. Loring, Weston
Zeilinski, John, Holyoke

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SYNOPSIS OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE CORPORATION

Watertown, November 4, 1946.

The Annual Meeting of the Corporation, duly summoned, was held today at the Institution, and was called to order by the President, Mr. Robert H. Hallowell, at 3 p.m.

The Proceedings of the last meeting were read and approved.

The annual reports of the Trustees and the Director were accepted and ordered to be printed, with the addition of other matters of general interest to the work.

The report of the Treasurer was presented, accepted and ordered to be printed, together with the certificate of the Certified Public Accountant.

Voted, That acts and expenditures, made and authorized by the Board of Trustees, or by any committee appointed by said Board of Trustees, during the last corporate year, be and are hereby ratified and confirmed.

On the nomination of the Finance Committee, the appointment by the Trustees of John Montgomery, Certified Public Accountant, as auditor of the accounts of the Institution was confirmed.

As the President had previously requested that he be not renominated, he had appointed a Nominating Committee and at this time called upon the Committee to make its report. Before the report was made, Mr. Hallowell expressed his appreciation of the opportunity which he had had during the sixteen years of his presidency to serve the Institution and gave his thanks for the cooperation of the Trustees and Members of the Corporation. He spoke of his intimate relationships with the School and the interest that he has in it which he will always continue.

Mr. Ralph Lowell, Chairman of the Nominating Committee which consisted of Mrs. Richard E. Danielson and Mr. G. Peabody Gardner in addition to the Chairman, presented the following nominations: President, Dr. Reginald Fitz; Vice-President, Ralph Lowell; Treasurer, John P. Chase; Secretary, Gabriel Farrell; Trustees, Dr. Reginald Fitz, Robert H. Hallowell, Mrs. Richard E. Danielson,Mrs. Homer Gage, Dr. Henry W. Holmes, Warren Motley, Richard Saltonstall, David Cheever, Jr. There being no further nominations, the persons above named were unanimously elected by ballot.

Dr. Fitz, the newly elected President, took the chair and after expressing appreciation for the honor which had been bestowed upon him through his election as President, He recognized Mr. Lowell, who paid the following tribute to the retiring President:

"Mr. Hallowell, this marks thirty-two years of service that you have given to the Perkins Institution for the. Blind, sixteen as Trustee and sixteen as President of the Board of Trustees.

"It is given to few men to serve an institution of this standing for such a period an even fewer have given as much of their time and judgment to the task as you have. All the girls and boys who have graduated from Perkins in the past thirty-two years have taken with them something of your personality and wisdom. Yours is a heritage of service to your fellow man. You have enhanced this heritage -- you have kept the faith.

"On behalf of those of us who have served with and under you I present you this token of our affection and esteem, with the hope that it will be a constant reminder of your service to Perkins."

A beautiful antique silver cup was presented to Mr. Hallowell.

The following were elected members of the Corporation: Mrs. Reginald Fitz, Mr. Tudor Richards.

The Director expressed his deep appreciation of the leadership of Mr. Hallowell and the happy relationship with the President which has existed through his administration. He briefly reviewed the year which had closed, spoke of new staff members, and told especially of some of the devices that are being developed to aid the blind which have come out of the war and of the part that Perkins has had in these developments.

The meeting was then dissolved.

Respectfully submitted,
GABRIEL FARRELL, Secretary.

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
November 4, 1946.

ON BEHALF of the Board of Trustees I submit a brief report for the year 1946 and wish to emphasize certain financial aspects in connection with the operation of the School and the sources from which its income is obtained.

We all know that the Perkins Institution is also the Massachusetts School for the Blind, there being no State school for the blind in Massachusetts. Since its founding the State has contributed generously towards the operating costs of Perkins, in varying amounts approximating from one-third to one-half of the per capita cost per student. The income from our endowment funds provides the balance.

From 1869 to 1918 Perkins received an annual grant of $30,000 from Massachusetts, and for pupils from other States the charge was $300. In 1918 the annual grant was abolished and Massachusetts agreed to pay $300 per pupil. The charge for pupils from other States was increased to $350 for the Lower School and $400 for the Upper School. In 1919 the rate was raised to $400 for resident pupils from all States. This rate continued until 1932 when it was increased to $600 and has remained at that figure to the present time.

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The necessity for the numerous increases in charge for board and tuition is clearly demonstrated by the following summary:

In thirty years the per capita cost has almost trebled and there is every indication that it will further increase in the near future. The expenses for the year 1946-1947 are based on estimates and represent the budget approved by the Board of Trustees at its meeting on September 10. The total income from all sources for the same period is estimated at $411,000, which indicates an operating deficit of approximately $34,000.

With this figure in mind coupled with the fact that the $600 per pupil now paid by the States covers approximately only one-third of the per capita cost, the Trustees voted on September 10 to increase the charge from $600 to $800 per annum. The various States, whence our pupils come, have been notified of this increase and are impressed by the strong case we present of ever-increasing costs which necessitate increased charges. We are confident the increase of $200 per capita will be approved but are doubtful if the full amount will be received during the present school year, as State budgets already in effect will not permit. We must endeavor to keep our operating costs as reasonable as possible, compatible with the high standards of Perkins, as there is somewhere a limit to the amount the States are willing to pay for the education of blind children.

Of the 256 pupils enrolled for the present school year 227 come from New England, distributed as follows: Maine 32, Massachusetts 142, New Hampshire 18, Rhode Island 20, Vermont 14, Connecticut 1. From outside New England there are thirty pupils who come from twenty States, and two foreign countries. This distribution demonstrates the national scope of Perkins.

The war years with their ever-increasing difficulties are behind us but the transition back to peacetime operations presents its difficulties also, but under the able leadership of our Director, Dr. Farrell, we can look forward to the future with confidence. To him, and to every member of the faculty, to the members of the maintenance staff, to the matrons, the ground keepers, the maids, the cooks and to everyone connected with Perkins, the Trustees wish to give hearty thanks for their devotion to our Institution during the years of trial.

We regret to report the death, during the year, of the following members of the Corporation: Mrs. Henry H. Fay, Mrs. Cora L. Gleason, Miss Mary B. Lothrop, Mr. John F. Tufts, Hon. Robert Luce, Miss Alice Sargent, Miss Lenna D. Swinerton, Miss Lucy Wheelock.

Respectfully submitted for the Trustees,

ROBERT H. HALLOWELL, President.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
November 4, 1946.

THE DIRECTOR'S REPORT which covers the year ending August 31 is presented formally at the Annual Meeting of the Corporation held on the first Monday in November. At this time the report is "accepted and ordered to be printed with the addition of other matters of general interest to the work." The Annual Meetings are usually quite formal and routine in character: receiving reports, electing officers and trustees, and approving the activities of the committees during the year. But the one held at the beginning of this year, November 5, 1945, was unique in that, for the first time in ten years, a new officer was elected.

Mr. Roger Amory, who was elected Treasurer ten years ago, had requested that he be not nominated, and re-elected. This decision was accepted with regret by the Corporation, and appreciation was expressed for the fine stewardship of Mr. Amory during the difficult decade in which he served. Mr. Amory's interest in Perkins reached beyond business affairs, and during his tenure of office he felt a concern for the whole life of the institution, and he was always ready to help in any problem that arose. The resolution passed at that meeting, and recorded in the report of last year, is evidence of the appreciation of all for Mr. Amory's services and friendship.

NEW TREASURER ELECTED

To take Mr. Amory's place, the Corporation was fortunate in securing the consent and election of Mr. John P. Chase, who has been a Trustee since 1940. Mr. Chase brings to the office a wide experience in financial matters. He holds many positions of trust, ranging from the treasurership of Wellesley College to the coach of the Harvard hockey team. The latter testifies to his youth and vigor, which qualities were demonstrated during the year as he has carried on the affairs of Perkins. With a change in the treasurership also went a change in the office of Assistant Treasurer. Mr. Francis C. Rogerson, Assistant Treasurer during Mr. Amory's tenure of office, retired from that position, and his loss is deeply felt because of his keen personal interest in the school, its staff and activities. This position was filled by Mr. Howard Whitmore Jr., associated with the office of John P. Chase Inc., upon his return from duty with the Navy in the Pacific.

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The report of a year ago began with questions which were pressing upon us as to what the brave new world following the coming of peace promised. To these questions we have not yet the answers. The first year of peace has been one of continued problems dealing mainly with shortages, first in the area of inanimate objects, such as building supplies, food, etc., and the more animate problem of personnel. While the administrative and academic departments have had their troubles, the heaviest burdens fell upon the business department. Cooks were no easier to secure, and the materials to cook were harder to obtain, but four hundred persons had to be fed daily -- and they were, thanks to the cooperation and understanding of pupils and staff. Our buildings were not only kept in repair, but refurbished so that we could be proud of them when the American Association of Instructors of the Blind held their convention at Perkins in June.

THE BURSAR REPORTS

"Financially," the Bursar states in his report, "we have not done very well. We overspent our Watertown budget to the extent of $10,484.64 but it could have been a lot worse. A budget of $319,740.00 for the school was approved by the Trustees, but it did not remain at that level for long. Due to the cancellation of the Little Steel Formula, the success of many strikes and raises in wages throughout the country, the general rise in prices made it necessary to bring the salaries of Perkins employees more into line with competitive levels and the cost of living. On January 1, therefore, our Cost of Living Adjustment was thawed from the fifteen per cent level at which it had remained since 1942. At the same time, all other staff members except cottage personnel were promised a bonus in July which would equal one and one quarter month's pay for those who had been employed more than three years, and five eighths of a month's pay for those whose total service had been for a shorter period. This welcome action was expected to add $18,355.00 to our cost of operation for the year, so a revised budget of $338,095.00 was approved by the Executive Committee in January. The deficit which resulted in spite of this increase was caused by the fact that prices continued to rise and the Cost of Living Adjustment had risen to 28 per cent by August."

Tribute must be paid at this time to the teachers of Perkins who carried on through the war years without complaint, at practically the same compensation as they have received for several years. Opportunities have been available to make increases in some cases, but the general salary level of Perkins teachers had not been substantially raised for some time. At the end of this year the Trustees voted to give a bonus in July as reported by the Bursar in the paragraph above. For two years prior, smaller bonuses had been paid in July. In a small way this compensated for increased prices. Practically all of the teachers live in the school where board and room are provided, but they do have to live on their own during the vacations, and are, of course, subject to the increased cost of clothing and other living expenses.

Perkins appreciates, however, that teachers generally are not paid in proportion to their services or their value to any school. During the spring consideration was given to a better recognition of our obligations to our teachers and other professional staff. In preparing the budget for next year, the Trustees at their June meeting made provision for them to be paid for twelve months rather than for ten months, as has been the practice in the past. This in itself represents approximately a twenty per cent increase, and in as many cases as possible, advances in the base pay were made. While there can be no argument but that our teachers as well as all other teachers deserve higher pay, we are glad to be able to take this step toward more adequate compensation.

THE PRINCIPAL REPORTS

Academically, the Principal states in his report, "It is difficult to say in a general sweeping statement, 'It has been a good year.' In many ways the year has been a difficult one, hard because of external pressures on staff and students alike, complicated internally because of the difficulties of maintaining a good staff, as economic opportunities elsewhere made teacher and other staff procurement difficult. However, in some areas additions to the staff, made possible by the ending of the war, added depth and strength to the teaching force. Adequate staffing of the houses has been most difficult, and this has materially affected the smooth operation of the houses. Whatever has been written on the positive side of our balance sheet can be attributed to the willingness of the majority of the staff members to do a little more than was required or asked for. That we finished the year successfully, and in some ways outstandingly, is fortunate."

An interesting offering in the Upper School this year was a course in salesmanship for the boys. This was taught by Mr. William McGreal, who for some years was in charge of the sales department in Europe of an outstanding American firm. While in this service Mr. McGreal lost his sight, and becoming interested in Perkins, he asked to come here for a year to study Braille, and in other ways to equip himself for a life without sight. In return, we asked Mr. McGreal to give this course, which he did to the great benefit of the boys, who not only profited by his experience, but benefited by his great personal charm and character . As Mr. McGreal was to be at Perkins only a year, the course was offered to all four high school classes. Each boy in the high school was able, therefore, to participate in a most worthwhile experience with a man whose fine background and training excellently fitted him for teaching this subject. As part of this program, a salesmanship club was formed, which met regularly each week. Once each month the club had leading businessmen as guests who spoke from firsthand experience about the various aspects of buying and selling. These men represented widely diversified activities, and the students were able to gain a broad concept of the art of salesmanship. Although not directly a part of the salesmanship class, the boys operated a small store, and a few of them did practice in ordering supplies, keeping records, and selling goods.

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THE SOCIAL WORKER REPORTS

"During the year," the social worker reports, "a great increase has been noted in the variety and the number of parents visiting the school for advice and guidance for their pre-school and young blind children, as to educational programs. Many of these parents came from the South and West, and possibly were directed toward Perkins by the extremely wide interest in some recent magazine articles about our school. Their interest may also be partly due to the recent summer school project which seems to have had a great deal of publicity. It is of interest that the incoming kindergarten for the year 1946-1947 has eighteen applicants, which is approximately twice the usual number for our kindergarten. Of these eighteen, four belong to the new diagnostic group of retrolental fibroplasia about whom we have been so concerned since our cooperative effort with Dr. Terry on the nursery school project."

The enrollment of the school as of October 1, 1946 was 254, which is three below that of a year ago. Of the New England pupils, 152 are from Massachusetts, thirty-two from Maine, twenty from Rhode Island, eighteen from New Hampshire, and fourteen from Vermont. (Connecticut has its own school in Hartford with about forty pupils.)

Twenty-eight pupils came from outside New England. The highest enrollment for the year was reached in December 1945, when there were 261 on the register, 145 boys and 116 girls. There were sixty-one admissions during the year, thirty-three boys and twenty-eight girls. There were fifty-five discharges of pupils who had completed their work at the school, or were discharged because they had reached the limit of their ability, or who withdrew in order to go to work.

MORE PUPILS FROM AFAR

The large number of pupils from outside our normal area, which is New England, except Connecticut, is significant and indicates a trend. This year pupils came from nineteen different states and three foreign countries. An increasing number of requests are coming to us from parents of children in other parts of the country for admission to Perkins. When these applications are received we refer them to their state schools, but most of those who have been admitted are sent by the parents as private pupils, and Perkins can hardly close its doors to those who wish to send their children here, especially when they say, "We want the best for our children."

Foreign pupils this year are from Mexico, England, Italy and Hawaii. The young man from Mexico is a private pupil whose father is a member of the Mexican Senate, and Treasurer of one of the states, while the girl from Hawaii is one of the winners of a Perkins National Scholarship. Holders of other national scholarships came from Maryland, Michigan and Pennsylvania. The other two foreign pupils are from England and Italy, and a word about each of them may be of interest.

The Annual Report of last year contained a picture of Jimmy Osborn, ten-year-old English boy who arrived in this country in August 1945, and was the center of a great deal of publicity in newspapers throughout the country and abroad. Jimmy is a totally blind boy who had developed the ability to play practically anything on the piano from boogie-woogie to Bach. Living near an air field, he became a great favorite of the American boys and played frequently at their encampment. So popular did he become that the Ninth Air Force raised over $3,000.00 to send him to America for his education. Perkins was pleased to be selected as the school where the boys of the Ninth Air Force felt he could receive the training they wanted him to have. In the agreement reached with the custodian of his fund it was understood that he was to receive a well-rounded education which would give him adequate preparation for life, and not be exploited as a musical genius.

Perkins has undertaken to carry out that contract with the Ninth Air Force, and during the year has given Jimmy the fundamentals of schooling which he needed, as he had had practically no formal education. This called for much individual instruction to bring him up to the grade where he should be because of his age. We have not, however, neglected his music, and are giving him some fundamental training, because all of his musical work before has been acquired by listening to the radio or records. We have not permitted Jimmy to make many public appearances, even though the demand for him has been tremendous. He is a most likable boy, and is finding his place in our Perkins family as an American, as he likes to call himself.

Another foreign visitor, but for a shorter time, was Giuliano Cabbia, an eight-year-old Italian boy, sent to this country by the 88th Division, which was stationed near his home in the northern part of Italy. Giuliano lost his sight by being kicked in the face by a horse belonging to a German officer. He is an accordion player of outstanding ability, and became a favorite of the boys of the 88th Division. Funds were raised to send him to this country for an eye operation at Johns Hopkins Hospital. After all possible surgical care was provided, and it was determined that he could not regain his sight, plans were made for his future education. Once again Perkins was selected and Giuliano and the soldier who was sent over here with him were our guests for several months. During this time Giuliano proved to be a brilliant student, and there is every indication that he can readily adjust himself to normal life and carry on the regular school program, as well as become an accordion player of unusual ability. As this boy has an excellent home with a family who are in a position to give him adequate care, we recommended to the Army authorities that he return to his family, and arrangements were made for him to do so in June. During the summer, Perkins received a most beautiful illuminated parchment scroll expressing thanks for the hospitality which we had extended to Giuliano while he was at Perkins.

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EVENTS OF THE YEAR

Certain events of the year must be recorded as they reveal many of the extracurricular activities which do much to enrich the more formal program. Perhaps the outstanding event of the fall took place on October 25, when the pupils were especially invited by the Commanding Officer of the aircraft carrier Wasp, then in Boston, to visit that notable ship. Buses took more than 200 pupils and fifty-six staff members to the pier in South Boston. Upon arrival models of the ship were made available for the pupils, so that they could see with their hands the overall design of this great vessel. After that sailors took the boys and girls about every part of the ship, and it was an experience which they will long remember. Serving of ice-cream and cookies and continuous music by the ship's orchestra made it a real party.

Through the latter part of September and October, field sports were prominent with both boys and girls. Every pleasant afternoon the girls prepared for their Annual Field Meet which was held on October 10. At the same time, the boys, on their playing field, were busy practicing football, and conducting a series of games between two teams, the Whites and the Blues. These teams were made up of the Upper School boys interested in football. For the others a program of sports activities was provided. Scores were carefully kept throughout the football games, and at the end of the season a cup was awarded to the winning team, the Blues.

CHRISTMAS CONCERTS

The fall activities culminated in the Christmas concerts held this year with audiences overflowing Dwight Hall, on Friday evening December 14, Sunday afternoon December 16, and Tuesday evening December 18. At the close of the Tuesday night concert, and on the following morning, the pupils dispersed to their homes for the holidays, returning January 3. Some parts of the concert program were recorded before vacation, and on Christmas morning, at 9:30, they were broadcast over the New England Regional Network. This pleased many people who were not able to attend the concerts, and members of the chorus especially enjoyed hearing themselves sing, as they listened in at their homes on Christmas morning.

Perkins again took part in the Greater Boston United War Fund Drive, and through contributions from practically every member of the staff and every pupil, $946.33 was raised. This is a definite contribution on the part of members of the school, as Perkins has never been a member of the Community Fund, and does not in any way benefit by the contributions made to this source. Likewise, the pupils and staff took part in the Red Cross drive for funds, and reported contributions totaling $465.00. Through the Junior Red Cross with which Perkins is affiliated, twenty-six Christmas boxes were sent abroad, and in the spring three hundred cans of food were collected for overseas relief. Pupils in their classes made sweaters for Mrs. Burtt's school for the blind in South China, and wove rugs which were distributed to local veterans' hospitals. Also, through the year, two pupils from Perkins represented the school at the Junior Red Cross Council for Metropolitan Boston, and at the spring meeting Francis Cordeau, who will be a senior next year, was elected vice-president for the coming year.

Two study programs of unusual interest were initiated this year. The first, for and by the pupils, was a study in international relations, which was carried on through the year. During the fall months and early winter interesting programs covering China, India, and Russia were presented. Representatives of these countries at the school told of the customs in their lands, and special exhibits were set up. During the spring months the Latin American countries were featured. Throughout the year a great deal of classroom study and assigned reading was integrated into the program.

CLASSES FOR THE STAFF

The second educational venture was a series in adult education classes for the benefit of the staff. The committee, made up of Mr. Coon, Mr. McGreal, and Miss Thayer, arranged for three classes to be held on Tuesday evenings during the winter months. A course in music appreciation was led by Mr. Edward W. Jenkins, a course in artistic expression featured painting, sculpturing and other forms of art, under Miss Frances L. McGaw, and a course in metal work was conducted by Mr. John B. Butler. More than fifty members of the staff participated in this program, which concluded with an exhibition of work done and entertainment in the Lower School Hall on Tuesday evening, April 9. The staff also held a square dance on February 18, and the regular annual Staff Party was held on March 8, the Lower School being host.

Throughout the year the Music Department carried on its program of recitals and concerts, featuring the pupils studying in this department, and also the pupils who are under the training of our advanced students in the Pianoforte Normal Course. The recital of seniors and juniors was held on the evening of March 1. Recitals by intermediate pupils were held on January 25 and May 23, while recitals by advanced pupils were held on February 1 and May 28. A concert of secular music was presented by the Upper School Chorus on Friday evening May 3, with John di Francesco, Perkins '40, as baritone soloist. On the evening of June 11, a violin recital was given by Roman Mochernuk, a post-graduate student, assisted by Harold Schwab on the organ and violin. The Music Department's spring program culminated in a Pop Concert in Dwight Hall on the evenings of June 6 and 7. This is quite a departure from the usual program of the Music Department, featuring as it did much popular music rendered in a strikingly dramatic setting. The concerts were thoroughly enjoyed by the large audiences on both evenings, and the pupils had a fine time preparing for them. Proceeds from these Pop Concerts went to the Theatre Fund, which is used to buy tickets for the pupils to attend outstanding plays.

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The Physical Education Department carried on its usual program of gymnasium classes and programs of physical fitness, stressing during the winter months swimming and wrestling. In swimming, the pupils were instructed by Walter Houston, the swimming instructor provided by the American Red Cross. The wrestling team was trained by Maxwell Rappaport, former New England wrestling champion, who did a good deal to develop a fine team at Perkins. Meets were held with several high schools and academies. During the spring months the boys were on the field preparing for track events, and held three meets on the school grounds: on May 13 with Watertown High School; on June 1, when the Overbrook team came to Perkins; and on June 8, when we were host to the New York Institute. Unfortunately we did not win any of these meets, but at least had the value of the association and competition with three unusually good teams.

A spring event of unusual interest was the visit of the Glee Club made up of girls, and the Octet made up of boys, to Tabor Academy, where on the evening of May 24 they gave a concert. During the afternoon they enjoyed sailing and other sports at this school with which Mr. Sherman was formerly connected. Both the Glee Club and the Octet had a great many opportunities for public performances during the year, and reflected credit on the musical training which Perkins has given to them.

GRADUATION AWARDS

Graduation was held this year on Wednesday, June 19. This was several days later than usual in order to shorten the gap between the closing of school and the beginning of the convention, as many of the staff members wished to remain for that event. Diplomas were awarded by Mr. Robert H. Hallowell, President of the Corporation, to Norma Farrar, Winchester, Massachusetts; Faye George, Barre, Vermont; Margaret Hayman, Chelsea, Massachusetts; Mary Martinelli, Bridgewater, Massachusetts; Edmund E. Berube, Fall River, Massachusetts; Thomas Cotter, Roxbury, Massachusetts; Richard Crane, Providence, Rhode Island; Bruno Kiwior, Ludlow, Massachusetts. The invocation was offered by the Rev. Edson G. Waterhouse of the Methodist Church in Watertown, and an excellent Commencement address was made by the Rev. Carl Heath Kopf of the Mount Vernon Church in Boston. The dances usually held by the boys and girls respectively on the night before and the night of graduation, were held this year prior to graduation on May 17 and May 18. After much consideration it was felt that it would relieve the crowding at graduation time to have these social events earlier in the year. The plan proved successful, and did give the graduation the dignity and the freshness which came through the elimination of other events. In the place of the dances, a reception was held in the museum of the Howe Building following the graduation. This gave opportunity for the officers of the school to meet the parents and friends, and for the graduates also to meet their guests in a pleasant social way.

At the graduation exercises, Winfield Lewis received his certificate as a Pianoforte Tuner, and Certificates of Efficiency were awarded by the Ediphone Company to the following members of the Commercial Department: Faye George, Ethel Murray, Clarice Rothe, Hideko Shimokawa, and Jane Waska. Faye George of the graduating class entered Middlebury in September, while Edmund Berube has been admitted to Brown University. Three posgraduate students entered college in September: Roman Mochernuk, School of Music, Oberlin College; Stephen Garabedian, Rhode Island State College, to major in landscape gardening; Robert Fried, to take courses in journalism at Boston University.

A. A. I. B. CONVENTION

Following graduation, attention was turned to the preparation to receive the American Association of Instructors of the Blind, who held their biennial convention at Perkins during the last week of June. Over 200 persons came to the convention, representing schools' for the blind from all parts of the country. Nearly all attending liveed at the school, and meals were served not in the cottages, as that would have divided the whole group, but in the Lower School assembly hall and gymnasium. This made it possible for the entire convention to have meals together, which is always one of the high points in gatherings of this type.

While the program for the convention was prepared by the Executive Committee of the Association, Perkins did have a part in planning some of the local features. One of the outstanding features of this convention was addresses from people outside the field of the blind, who came from educational institutions. They pointed out the general trends in education, which it was our desire to understand so that adaptation could be made to our special field, and we could keep informed of the new developments in general education. Under this plan, speakers came from the Graduate School of Education, Harvard University; the School of Education; Boston University; and from Wheelock College, the center for kindergarten and primary school training. Another speaker of general interest was Col. E. A. Baker, Head of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, who spoke at the open meeting held on the second night of the convention. Dr. Edward E. Allen, the Director Emeritus, gave a spirited talk on some of his ideas and principles in our special field. Sight-seeing trips to historic places around Boston were planned and greatly enjoyed. On Thursday evening, June 27, the closing night, a large section of Symphony Hall was engaged so that visitors could enjoy one of Boston's unique Pop Concerts. Following the convention, many letters of appreciation were received and everyone was unanimous in feeling that the convention was one of the most successful ever held.

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SUMMER SCHOOL FOR BABIES

Perkins was asked again to conduct a summer school for blind babies and their mothers, under the care of Dr. Theodore L. Terry. The first school of this type was held at Perkins in June 1945, and an account of this was made in the last Annual Report. In planning for the second session, it was not possible to hold it at the end of the school year, in the month of June, as previously, because of our commitment for the American Association of Instructors of the Blind. It was therefore decided to hold this session for ten days following Labor Day 1946. While this throws this event beyond the period of time covered by this report, mention is made at this time because it normally should have been within the year. It was decided this year to make the program of lectures for the mothers a little lighter than the year before, but during the period the mothers had opportunity to hear leading authorities in all aspects of child care. They were also provided with the opportunity for daily conferences with Miss Gertrude E. Van den Broek, field worker for pre-school blind, of New York State.

The nursery school for the babies was conducted this year by Miss Pauline M. Moor, who in March became full-time field worker for this group, visiting the homes of the parents of children who were prematurely born, and because of that had defective vision. This field work is part of the whole project, and Miss Moor has done a fine piece of work in establishing contacts with the parents, and advising them in the care of their children. This project, which was initiated at the request of Dr. Terry, is now operated jointly by the Perkins Institution and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, whose workers have done so much with the children in this group. It is financed by a grant from a local trust fund, although both Perkins and the Infirmary contribute the leadership and services of their staff members. All connected with this project were deeply grieved by the sudden death of Dr. Terry, on September 28. His leadership in this field will be greatly missed.

REPORTS FROM AFAR

The opening of world-wide communications coming with the close of the war revealed how far the renown of Perkins has reached, and the international aspects of its influence and prestige. Letters have come literally from all over the world. They ask for advice, for supplies, and for the privilege of sending representatives here to learn our ways and to study our methods. In the Director's active file at this time of writing are letters from Austria, Belgium, China, Egypt, England, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Italy, Mexico, Portugal, the Philippines and Switzerland. At the school during the year there have been representatives of work for the blind from Belgium, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Norway, Sweden, Spain and Russia.

Some of the most interesting letters come from former members of the Harvard Class, about whose welfare we have been concerned during the war. Miss Nicholai writes from Greece, "Our school has been functioning all through the dark years of slavery with many hardships to meet. You Americans cannot imagine our hardships." Miss Caulfield writes from Siam, "The school is going pretty well considering the state of the world. . . . The material with which Perkins so generously supplied us makes it possible for us to carry on our work." Miss Tejada writes from the Philippines, "Classes have not been resumed in the school. . . .I wish to acknowledge receipt of many packages for our school. I extend to you my heartfelt appreciation for them."

There are also letters from the old, established organizations asking that the former relationships be reopened. The Association Valentine Hauy for the Blind, in Paris, writes, "Now that normal relations are reestablished between our countries, we are again considering the exchange of publications. . . .as we did before the war." Major MacMahon of the Gardner's Trust for the Blind in London writes, "Now that the war is over, I am happy to write and express .. . how interesting and valuable I have found the articles and the items of information affecting blind welfare in the United States of America." Dr. Mell in Austria writes that the library of the Vienna Institution has been destroyed, and asks, "If you will send me the last reports of Perkins, I shall give them with the older reports I possess to the institution in amends of the lost copies." Dr. George B. Fryer of Shanghai, China, wrote recently, asking for many reports to supplement those which "I have managed to save from the debris." During the war Perkins kept a sufficient number of Annual Reports to send to foreign countries formerly receiving them, so that their records of our activities may be complete. These are being shipped constantly to all parts of the world.

THE HARVARD CLASS

Perhaps the outstanding medium of our international relations has been the program of teacher-training conducted by Perkins in cooperation with the Graduate School of Education of Harvard University. The course began this year with twenty-five years of experience behind it, and started on its new quarter of a century with a small but interesting group. Included in the class of ten were Miss Laura Trapaga from the School for the Blind in Puerto Rico, and Mrs. Ellen Lin from China, where she expects to return after another year of study at Harvard to secure a master's degree. Another member of the class this year was James Kent, a veteran who lost his sight as a Japanese prisoner in the Philippines, having been a member of the famous Bataan Death March. The Harvard Class, during its twenty-five years, has had representatives from nineteen foreign countries and nearly every State in this country.

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Dr. Edward E. Allen, the Director Emeritus, continued during the past year to give his usual lectures, even though he is now in his eighty-fifth year. The present Director gave a number of lectures, but most of the work of administering the course falls to Dr. Samuel P. Hayes, for many years professor of psychology at Mount Holyoke College, but now a resident member of the staff at Perkins. This is Dr. Hayes's fifth year at directing the course, and during these years he has done much to enrich it and to raise the standards, so that all of the work is on a graduate level, and the courses are so grouped that academic credit can be given.

Another department of the school showing the widespread service of Perkins is the Deaf-Blind Department, which from its origin in 1931 has accepted from all parts of the country children who are deaf and blind. The Department has had eleven pupils s year One new pupil was admitted -- Perry Norris, a fourteen-year-old boy from Alabama. At the conclusion of the year Carolyn Edmundson from West Virginia was transferred to another school, and Betty Rimsen from Minnesota did not return. To fill these two vacancies James Brown, a five-year-old boy from Mississippi, and Pauline Mansfield, a fifteen-year-old girl from Washington, were accepted for admission in September 1946. Further extension of the work of this, department has been hampered by inability to secure teachers well qualified in the two fields of blindness and deafness. There are now six teachers and four attendants in the department who are able to give effective service only to ten or twelve pupils. We are therefore restricting the program to that number.

CHILDREN OF THE SILENT NIGHT

Because we accept deaf-blind children from all over the country we have for several years made an annual appeal on a national basis asking for assistance for this special department of the Perkins program. In November over ten thousand letters were sent to persons throughout the country, and with each a calendar picturing two the pupils: Robert Smithdas of Pennsylvania and Juanita Morgan of Colorado. The response to this appeal was gratifying as contributions were received from 1386 persons totalling, $13,185.71. In September 1946, Robert Smithdas was admitted to St. John's University Brooklyn, and had an article in the October issue of Vogue.

While writing of the Deaf-Blind Department, record should be made of the death on October 11, 1945, at Fulton, N. Y., of Thomas Stringer, who was one of the notable deaf-blind pupils at Perkins in the nineties. Tommy came to Perkins in April 1891 "a mere lump of breathing clay." At Perkins he grew up and became exceedingly proficient in woodwork. In 1913 he went to live with Lee Edgarton of Fulton, N. Y., where he made his home until his death. During this time he was profitably employed using his skill at woodwork in making of crates for fruits and vegetables grown on the farm.

The library, which also serves beyond the school as well as within has had the busiest year ever. Within the school 3626 textbooks were taken out for voluntary reading. In addition, the school used from library 1884 Talking Books. This number far exceeds the previous year's record. Beyond the school, the Perkins Library has provided reading matter, both embossed and talking, for the adult blind of most of New England. Here again a record has been set, with the report that there were circulated 7513 embossed books, and 17,827 Talking Books. 1082 embossed volumes and 868 Talking Book sets were accessioned by the library during the year. This represents 124 titles of embossed books, and 135 titles of Talking Books. In rendering this service, the library acts as one of the twenty-seven regional libraries sending out books which are provided by the Library of Congress.

NEW LIBRARY NEEDED

The increase in the service of the library has again brought to the fore the need for larger quarters. The library shelves are overflowing, and the facilities for shipping books are entirely inadequate. Plans prepared several years ago for a new building for the library have been reconsidered, and a committee has been appointed by the Trustees to formulate plans for the raising of money and the erection of a library building. The proposed building would not only house the library but would provide greatly-needed space for the Harvard Class and a center for the teachers, which would be a very important factor in the social life of the school. There is now no place on the grounds where the staff can meet for leisure-time activities. The building may also provide space for some of the work of the Howe Memorial Press.

The Howe Press has also had a busy year as the report printed elsewhere in this volume indicates. It has continued to produce Braille slates, writing boards, games for the blind, and other appliances for which there is an unceasing demand. The Map of the Month continues to grow in favor, and requests for it are received from all parts of the world. This is an embossed map featuring a portion of the world prominent in the news each month. The Press has not been able to put into production a Braille Writer but looks forward to that shortly; nor have they been able to produce recently any of the shorthand machines which are made only at the Howe Press. Considerable thought has been given during the year to the extension of the Howe Press activities and the exploration of new fields of service for the blind. As a result of this consideration it was felt advisable to move many of the activities of the Press from South Boston to Watertown. An extension on the present power house for the machine shop of the Press was authorized and constructed during the summer. It will begin operation early this coming year. It is hoped that all machine activities will be transferred to this new shop where Mr. Abraham, for many years connected with the Manual Training Department, and on leave of absence during the war for special mechanical work, will be in charge. Beginning in September Mr. Waterhouse, for several years a teacher of higher mathematics at the school, and on leave of absence for special mathematical work in connection with jet propulsion at the General Electric Company during the war, will assist in the managment of the Press. He will relieve the present manager, Mr. Bryan, of certain parts of the work, and in time will assume full management, as Mr. Bryan has reached the retirement age. Mr. Waterhouse was in charge of the WPA Map Project which was conducted at Perkins, and through his long association with Perkins has a good knowledge of the problems and needs of blind people whom the Press can serve.

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PERKINS PUBLICATION

During the year many publications have concerned themselves with our field. An article featuring Perkins appeared in the May issue of Coronet. This brought many comments and letters. Interest in the blind has been stimulated by the war, and reports of the activities of both the war blinded and the civilian blind have seemed to increase in number, as they have been featured in many magazines and newspaper articles. Many of them, we regret to say, reveal an unfortunate limitation of knowledge of the blind and the work that is being done for them and by them. These facts substantiate the feeling that has prevailed at Perkins that our function is not only to provide instruction for blind children, but also to educate seeing people regarding the blind and their capabilities. To fulfill that function a number of articles by members of the Perkins staff hay appeared in publications within and without our field.

Four publications will be mentioned: one, a book entitled "Wings for Ruth," published by W. A. Wilde, tells in fiction form the experience of a child attending Perkins. The author of the book is Rosan Clarke, which is the pen name of Mrs. Jessie W. Mayshark, a teacher in our Lower School. The second publication, quite different, is "Vocational Aptitude Testing," by Samuel P. Hayes of the Perkins staff and number thirteen in the series of Perkins Publications. This tells what has been done in the way of developing and adapting vocational tests for the blind, and presents a most comprehensive study of the field. This book has been widely requested, and orders are coming in constantly for copies of it. The third publication is a Report of the Summer School Project, written by Miss Frances E. Marshall, Psychiatric Social Worker of Perkins, and Miss Ruth M. Butler, Medical Social Worker of the Eye and Ear Infirmary. This is a forty-eight-page account of the program and activities of the summer school which was held at Perkins June 17 to 30, 1945. It contains a full account of the planning, and sets down certain principles which should be followed in a program of this type. This report was written largely because of the many requests that were coming to us for information about this project, and for our opinion regarding programs for little blind children. Fourth, the Director has again been asked to write the article on The Blind of the United States, for the Social Work Year Book published by the Russell Sage Foundation.

LEGISLATION FOR THE BLIND

During the year, the Director continued to serve as Chairman of the Committee on Legislation of the American Association of the Instructors of the Blind. While a great many bills pertaining to the problems of blindness and for the benefit of the blind were introduced into the 79th Congress, none of any great importance was enacted into law. The Wagner Bill, which proposed to amend the Social Security Act by eliminating Title Ten (which provides federal support on a fifty-fifty basis for benefits to the needy blind), did not emerge from committee. Some interested in the blind opposed this amendment, because it would have put the blind in the same category as other needy persons. The Congress did, however, amend the Social Security Act so that the Federal Government, beginning October 1, 1946, will pay ten out of the first fifteen dollars of assistance granted by the state, and fifty percent of any payment up to twenty-five dollars as the Federal Government's share. This means approximately a five dollar a month increase for those entitled to benefits under this legislation.

Proponents of wider assistance to the blind have been urging that, in place of the provision of Title Ten, there should be set up in the Social Security Act a special plan for the blind which would correspond in pattern, but not in detail, to the Old Age and Survivor's Insurance Plan. Under this proposal all employed persons would contribute to the fund on the same basis as wage earners now contribute to the Old Age Fund, and then in the case of blindness, each person covered would be entitled to financial aid in the same way that people are now receiving an annuity under the Social Security Act upon attaining the age of sixty-five. While this would assure financial assistance to those employed and covered, it would not provide for those who are born blind or who lost their sight before becoming wage earners. Many proposals for this coverage have been made including one in the form of a tax on electric light bulbs, on the basis that those who enjoy light therefrom might well share with those who live in darkness.

The only other important federal legislation of the year was the amendment of the Pratt-Smoot Bill passed in 1931, which makes federal funds available for reading matter for the adult blind. The funds for this purpose were originally $125,000.00 a year for embossed books, but in 1944 this appropriation was increased to $500,000.00 a year and broadened to include recorded books, and the distribution and servicing of reproducing machines. On August 8, 1946, this appropriation was increased to $1,125,000.00 annually. $200,000.00 of the total must be expended for books in raised characters, and the balance may be used for sound reproduction recordings, and the purchase, replacement, and maintenance of reproducers or Talking Books. The Seventy-ninth Congress, however, adjourned without making an appropriation to implement this legislation.

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In Massachusetts legislative interest centered in a bill proposing that special facilities be set up to provide for the feeble-minded blind. A comprehensive report covering this subject was published in January 1946, as the result of a bill approved July 25, 1945, which provided for a recess commission to investigate and study the establishment of an institution for the care of the blind feeble-minded and blind epileptic persons in the Commonwealth. The committee presenting the report recommended that a special and complete institution be established which would include all the blind in the categories named, regardless of their age or degree of mental deficiency. Further consideration of this problem and public hearings resulted in the passage, on June 10, 1946, of an act which calls for additional facilities to be made available at the Walter E. Fernald School for the care of the feeble-minded blind. Perkins has long been interested in some special provision for the young blind who are unable to meet the educational standards maintained at this school, It is hoped that through the permission granted by this legislation, an adequate and satisfactory means may be found to care for these children who could benefit by a program of training more suited to their ability. Perkins stands ready to cooperate with the Fernald School in the working out of such a program.

BLINDED VETERANS

In the last report reference was made to the appointment in March 1945 of an Honorary Citizens' Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Army on the rehabilitation of blinded service men. The Director of Perkins was one of twelve members. The appointment of this committee toward the end of the war, and after the program for the rehabilitation of service men had been definitely formed, gave little opportunity for constructive accomplishment. With the close of the war the burden of this work began to fall more heavily on the Veterans Administration than on either the Army or the Navy, and on special invitation of General Omar Bradley, this committee was transferred to the Veterans Administration, and two or three additional members added. The committee has held three meetings, and a thorough study has been made of the procedures of the Veterans Administration in caring for blinded service men, not only those of World War II, but the many who were found to be in veterans' hospitals and homes. An extensive report including many recommendations has been prepared by the committee and submitted to General Bradley. The committee stands ready to give to the Veterans Administration the benefit of the experience with the blind which its members possess.

PROGRAMS FOR THE BLINDED

The Veterans Administration is making some progress toward a constructive program for the blind as they come to them from both the Army and the Navy. In each of the fifty-five regional offices, two men who were designated for training in that field, so that they can better understand and meet the needs of the blinded veterans, were sent in groups from the regional offices to the American Foundation for the Blind in New York for a four weeks' course on problems pertaining to the blind. The Director of Perkins spoke to each of the groups on methods and principles in the education of the young blind. It may be of interest to note that one of the men who heard the Director's talk, later, on returning to his field in Tennessee, found a young blind veteran who he thought could benefit by what Perkins offered, and that young man is now enrolled at Perkins.

A report of the Veterans Administration made in September 1944 indicated that there were, at that time, 3648 veterans on the pension rolls who were totally blind or had not more than 20/200 vision in the better eye. This included the surviving veterans of all wars. A study made in 1946 indicated that there were in the Veterans Administration hospitals and homes, 337 blinded veterans, of whom only eight were of World War II. 307 were veterans of World War I, fourteen were of the Spanish-American War, and the others lost their sight through non-service causes. To this total will be added approximately 1200 or 1300 men who lost their sight in World War II.

The Navy, which began its program for the blind at the Naval Hospital in Philadelphia in July 1944, terminated its work in September 1946. A report of July 1946 indicated that a total of 175 blinded cases had been admitted to the hospital. Of this number, 104 were marines. The total number of blind sailors and marines at the close of the program was approximately 200. All of the rehabilitation training as well as most of the hospitalization for the Navy was done at the Naval Hospital in Philadelphia, with the cooperation of the New York Institute for the Blind, where groups of men went for a ten-day period of testing and guidance.

The Army concentrated its hospitalization for the blind at the Valley Forge General Hospital at Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, and the Dibble General Hospital in Palo Alto, California. In July 1944 the Army opened Old Farms Convalescent Hospital (Sp.) in Avon, Connecticut, as a retraining center. Practically all the blinded personnel of the Army, in groups of about 150, passed through an eighteen weeks' course in social adjustment and aptitude exploration at this center. At this writing the Avon program is still going on, although nearing completion, and a small number of cases involving long hospitalization will be found in some of the Army hospitals. No official figures are available regarding the actual number of blinded soldiers at this time, but it is known that there are about 1200 men who lost their sight during World War II.

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PENSIONS FOR THE BLINDED

All of the men both of the Army and the Navy who lost their sight have been pensioned by the Veterans Administration under Public Law 182, passed October 1, 1945. This law provides pensions for blinded persons as follows: "blind in both eyes with 5/200 visual acuity or less" -- $200; "blinded in both eyes" -- $235; "anatomical loss of both eyes" -- $265. These pensions were increased twenty percent as of October 1, 1946. Few will quarrel with the principle of liberal pensions for those who lost their sight in the service of their country, but one must bear that fact in mind when criticism is leveled at the failure of those responsible for the blind to interest veterans in constructive or contributory effort. Many of the young men who have come through the training centers will want, and are in fact taking good positions, and are working, not only for the satisfaction of employing their time, but also to make a contribution to society. There are some, however, who, with the assurance of an ample pension check each month for the rest of their lives, will find it difficult to be motivated to any hard work.

During the summer Perkins had an opportunity to assist with eight blinded soldiers who had been assigned to the Cushing General Hospital in Framingham. These men had come to this hospital for treatment of conditions other than eye trouble, and the hospital staff had no experience or equipment to assist the men in adjusting to their loss of vision. Some of the men had previous experience at Avon, and others had come directly to Cushing, having previously had very little training in learning how to get along without their sight. After a conference with the hospital authorities, and a preliminary survey by the Director and the Principal, Miss Jane Smith of the Personnel Department, and Joseph Jablonske, a Perkins graduate and teacher, were assigned to give whatever assistance seemed advisable in individual cases. They were later assisted by James Kent, a blinded veteran who had been a member of the Harvard Class during the year, and Gus Frye, a young man of Watertown who, while in the Army, had served at Valley Forge General Hospital. All of these made several visits to the hospital to talk with the men, and to give them the benefit of their experience. Writing boards, Talking Books, Braille cards and other games, Braille writing equipment and manuals were made available. Mr. Jablonske taught Braille to three of the men who wished this instruction, while Miss Smith assisted the Red Cross workers in meeting the problems which arose in individual cases. Although the program followed did not produce great gains to all of the men, it was nevertheless a real service, and it did help the authorities at the hospital in dealing more adequately with these men for whose visual problems they were not prepared. The visits were made over a period of nine weeks, and were discontinued after all the men had been discharged from Cushing to go to Avon or to other hospitals for treatment or to their homes.

AIDS FOR PARTIALLY SEEING

Mention may well be made at this time of some studies which began during the war as part of the program for the war blinded, and are now being carried over on a peace-time basis. Reference was made in the last report to a project to develop a magnifying device for partially seeing people. This project, which was initiated by Perkins, received the endorsement of the Army and sponsorship by the Office of Scientific Research and Development. A contract was awarded to the Dartmouth Eye Institute, and work began on June 15, 1945. While the intended purpose of the project was to see if a magnifying device could be developed which would enable partially seeing people to read ordinary print books and thereby avoid the necessity of printing textbooks and other reading matter in large type, the actual result of the study was an extensive report on the history and technique of magnifying devices. This was submitted to the Committee on Sensory Aids of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, on November 15, 1945. After that study, efforts were made to produce a device and one was made available for a tryout with a group at Perkins in May 1946, and later with a group of children in sight-saving classes in New York City. This was also on exhibition at the convention of the A. A. I. B. in June. Dartmouth is still working on this development, with the helpful cooperation of the Department of Optics at the University of Rochester.

At the same time, Herbert Jehle had been working on a magnifying device on projection principles in the physics laboratory at Harvard. Mr. Jehle brought his device to Perkins where it was tried out. The chief difficulty with his device was lack of clear reproduction and the fact that it had to be used in a dark room. Mr. Jehle's efforts, however, have been recognized by the National Research Council, and he has been enabled to continue his studies in this field at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. It is hoped that he will develop a device which will prove effective and helpful, and will supplement those perfected at Dartmouth and Rochester.

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ADAPTATIONS OF AIDS STUDY

One of the recommendations of the Dartmouth report was that a study be made of the psychological factors involved in the use of magnifying devices. During the past summer, Dr. Walter F. Dearborn, Director of the Psycho-educational Laboratory of Harvard University, was interested in a study of this type, and a project to make a study of the adaptation of visual aids for use by the partially sighted was approved and underwritten by the National Research Council. The contract for this work has been given to Perkins Institution, and the technical supervisor will be Dr. Dearborn, who has enlisted the interest and support of some of the leading authorities in the fields of psychology and optics. The study is getting under way at the present time.

Continuing this report in the fields in which the Director has been active outside of the Perkins province, it may be stated that he has continued to serve as Secretary and Trustee of the American Foundation of the Blind, Trustee of the American Foundation for the Overseas Blind and Trustee and member of the Executive Committee of the Foundation for Vision, created by the late Dr. Theodore L. Terry, for research in the field of retrolental fibroplasia. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Eye Bank for Sight Restoration of New York, and has been interested in the group in Boston that has recently established an eye bank at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, where he is also a member of the Advisory Committee of the Social Service Department.

STAFF MEMBERS RETIRE

Coming back to Perkins, this report will conclude with a statement regarding changes of personnel during the year covered. At the close of the school in June, Perkins added to the retired list two members of the staff who have served for many years. Miss Mary B. Knowlton came to Perkins shortly after her graduation from the Massachusetts School of Art in 1893. From that time until June she taught in the Boys' Vocational Department, where she made a great contribution through her artistic ability, her devotion to the cause, and her great interest in the many boys who have felt the impact of her personality. The second person to be retired was Miss Lily B. Howard, who since 1924 has been the telephone operator, and the first to greet visitors to Perkins from her office at the entrance to the Howe Building. Miss Howard is an interesting link between Perkins and the Royal Normal College in London, which was established by a former teacher in Perkins, who became, because of his notable work in England, Sir Francis Campbell. When Mr. Campbell went to London in 1872, he took with him from Perkins six teachers, including Miss Mary Howard. While she was in England, Miss Howard adopted Lily, and brought her to this country. Here Miss Howard later married Elwyn W. Fowler, for many years head of the Piano Tuning Department at Perkins, and who was retired from our staff a year ago.

Miss Sharlie M. Chandler who has been associated with Perkins since 1911 as a teacher in the Girls' Vocational Department was granted a year's leave of absence. Three war substitutes have withdrawn from the staff: Dr. Dera Kinsey who has served so faithfully as school physician, Dr. H. B. C. Riemer, ophthalmologist, and Dr. George E. Crowell, dentist in the Upper School. Perkins is very grateful for their services during these years, and enjoyed their association and their interest in our pupils. Dr. Mark D. Elliott, who was a major in the Dental Corps of the Army Air Forces, has returned to his work as Upper School dentist, and Dr. Trygve Gundersen, who did such notable work in the Army overseas, and who is now Chief Ophthalmologist of the Veterans Administration, resumed in the middle of the school year his position as ophthalmologist at Perkins. He is being assisted by Dr. Joseph M. Clough, who served as ophthalmologist with the Navy in Iceland during the war. Dr. Victor C. Balboni, who served overseas with the Army, assumed the duties of school physician in the spring.

NEW SUPERVISOR OF GIRLS

At the close of the school in June, Miss Elsie H. Simonds relinquished her position as Supervisor of Girls, but will continue as a teacher in the fields of English and square handwriting, on which she is an authority. For fifteen years Miss Simonds was the head of the Girls' Upper School, and when the Girls' and Boys' Schools were Coordinated she became Supervisor of Girls, which office she has held for ten years. The position of Supervisor of Girls will be filled by Dr. Alice M. Carpenter, formerly head of the Ming Sum School for the Blind in Canton, China. Miss Carpenter was a member of the Harvard Class in 1934-1935. She was interned by the Japanese during the war, and upon her release came back to Perkins, where she taught during the year 1944-1945. She returned to China last year to terminate her work there. Miss Carpenter brings to Perkins a wide experience in the field of the blind, and a mature understanding of the problems of girls. In June she received from her Alma Mater, Hastings College, the honorary degree of Doctor of Pedagogy.

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We have had the pleasure of having as a teacher this year Mrs. Mary Knapp Burtt, a graduate of Perkins, and of Wellesley in 1915. Following graduation Mrs. Burtt went to South China where she opened a school for blind children. Driven out by the Japanese invasion, Mrs. Burtt flew "over the hump" and finally reached this country, and came to Perkins for the year. During the summer Mrs. Burtt sailed for China, taking with her a good many supplies ranging from clothes to a sewing machine, which Perkins gladly provided to help her open her school. Totally blind, guided by her dog Ruby, Mrs. Burtt is one of the best representatives of Perkins, carrying on the work in foreign fields. It has been a privilege having her at Perkins this year.

Other staff changes were the resignations in the Upper School of Leroy V. Cleveland, teacher of science; Mr. and Mrs. Bradford W. Newcomb, teachers of English; John B. Butler, of the Vocational Department; and Albert R. Raymond, of the Music Department. David Abraham of the Vocational Department, on leave of absence last year, returns in September to work with the Howe Memorial Press. Edward J. Waterhouse, now teacher of mathematics in the Upper School, will give half time to that work, and half time to the management of the Howe Press.

In the Lower School, resignations were received from Miss Martha L. Winget, Miss Dorothy A. Bischoff, and Miss Rose M. Saladino. Mrs. Marjorie J. Morey, a former teacher, and more recently a WAC assigned to work with the blind at Valley Forge General Hospital, joined the Lower School staff in February upon her release from the Army, to teach the fifth grade. She is not returning next year, as she is joining her husband who has also been released from the Army. New teachers in the Lower School in September will be Miss Mary F. Davies, Wheelock College, '45, teacher of Kindergarten; Miss Muriel Herrick, Massachusetts State College, '45, Harvard Class '46, assistant in the Kindergarten; Miss Carolyn Peters, State Teachers' College, Wisconsin, '22, teacher of the fifth grade; Miss Bertha Feinberg, University of Cincinnati, '45, Harvard Class '46, teacher of the fifth grade; Anthony Ackerman, Bloomfield College, '45, Harvard Class '46, assistant in the Lower School special class; and Mrs. Perley C. White, who studied at the New England Conservatory of Music, teacher of piano.

Three teachers have been added to the staff of the Upper School. George Faulkner will be part-time teacher of voice; Leo F. Gittzus and George Robertie are to teach in the Vocational Department, and be masters of Tompkins and Eliot Cottages, respectively. In the Administration Offices, Miss Jean E. Harrison, secretary to the Director, resigned, as did Miss Marion A. Knoll, ediphonist. Miss Harriet M. Phillips has been engaged to take Miss Knoll's place, and Miss Joan Baum is to be assistant telephone operator, and to help in the business office.

LOSSES THROUGH DEATH

Death during the year removed three people from the retired list, claimed one teacher and a pupil. On January 31, John J. Carroll, chief engineer for fifty-two years prior to his retirement in 1938, passed away. On December 7, Lenna D. Swinerton passed away in her eighty-third year. Miss Swinerton was for many years physiotherapist of the school, and one of the first blind persons to succeed in that field. She was retired in 1933. Mrs. Cora L. Gleason died on June 17, at the age of eighty-five. Fondly known by many Perkins pupils as "Mother B," she was first house mother, and later home visitor. Mrs. Martha F. Smith, teacher of the fourth grade, died on July 17. Mrs. Smith was a member of the Harvard Class following her graduation from Smith College in 1938, and with the exception of one year which she and Mr. Smith spent at the Washington State School, of which Mr. Smith is a graduate, she had taught in the Lower School, where she had become one of our most valued teachers. Mary Ellen Pike, seven years old, died of carcinoma at the Holy Ghost Hospital in Cambridge on June 16.

As this report began by referring to a change in officers, at the Annual Meeting of the Corporation held November 5, 1945, as an unusual event, the fact that two new officers were elected at the meeting held November 4, 1946, may justify trespassing far enough into the new year to make mention of them, and the retiring predecessors. While these changes are reported in the Synopsis of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting printed on pages 13 and 14, the Director wishes to include in this report his very great appreciation of the services and the cooperation of the two men who have relinquished their offices. Mr. G. Peabody Gardner has been a member of the Trustees since 1922, and Vice-President since 1930. Always alert to the interests of the institution and ready to help, he made the office of Vice-President more than the occasional function that this office often assumes. To the high tribute paid at the Corporation Meeting, and reported in its proceedings, the Director wishes to add his special appreciation of the services and friendship of Mr. Hallowell, the retiring President. His presidency exceeds the Director's term of service by a little more than a year. During that year his chief activity was to find a successor to Dr. Allen. During these fifteen years, Mr. Hallowell has been more than generous in his interest, his constant contact with the school, and the intimacy with its personnel that he took time to develop. There is some compensation in the fact that he will continue to serve as a Trustee.

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NEW PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT

The Director wishes also, at this time, to express his appreciation of the election of Dr. Reginald Fitz as President, and Mr. Ralph Lowell as Vice-President of the Corporation. Both have been associated with Perkins for some time, are intimate with its problems, and are men to whom the Director can turn for help and guidance. The fresh outlook of these two new officers, supplemented by Mr. Chase's year of experience, assures Perkins of strong leadership in the years to come.

GABRIEL FARRELL, Director.

DEARTMENT OF HEALTH

OPHTHALMOLOGIST'S REPORT

During the year fifty-two new children were examined. Dr. Hugo B. C. Reimer, who so kindly relieved me during the war, started the year and carried on until I was released from active duty in the Armed Forces on January 18, 1946. The following is a classification of the causes of blindness found in these children.

EYEBALL:

REFRACTIVE ERRORS:

STRUCTURAL ANOMALIES:

DEGENERATIVE CHANGES

CORNEA:

CRYSTALLINE LENS

IRIS:

CHOROID AND RETINA:

OPTIC NERVE:

MISCELLANEOUS AND ILL-DEFINED:

One hundred and seven visits were made to the Eye Clinic at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and of these, thirty were examined for glasses. Since April my associate, Dr. Joseph M. Clough, has come to the School to do refractions rather than have them make a special trip to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. A total of fifty-four children were refracted at the School during the school year. Thirty-six pairs of new glasses were obtained and many were repaired. Fourteen prostheses were purchased.

The following operations have been performed:

The following conditions have been treated at the Massachusetts Eve and Ear Infirmary:

Arrangements have been made for three eye operations this summer.

TRYGVE GUNDERSEN, M.D.

NURSE'S REPORT

The following is the report of the Medical Department at Perkins Institution for the year 1945-1946.

Operations:

Fractures:

Communicable diseases

Chest X-rays taken by Public Health tuberculosis clinic. All new children. Staff and household help. All boys who had not been X-rayed in three years.

Middlesex Sanatorium

Admissions to the hospitals for causes other than operations.

Massachusetts General Hospital:

Boston Psychopathic Hospital

Haynes Memorial Hospital

Holy Ghost Hospital

This year Dr. Abbott, a neurologist from the Massachusetts General Hospital, came out to Perkins to examine eight of the children with neurological problems.

Every child in the Upper School went to Forsyth Dental Clinic for prophylactic treatments.

Every child in Lower School had prophylactic treatment done by a representative from Tufts Dental School as a part of a project to determine the value of various methods of using sodium fluonne in the control of tooth decay.

The Federal Government Public Health Service did a urinalysis for sugar and a blood sugar on every student, and on every member of the staff who is blind or partially sighted, in an attempt to make the public as aware of diabetes as it is of cancer and tuberculosis.

The medical department has had a satisfactory year with very little contagion. We have had one death: Mary Ellen Pike died of carcinoma at the Holy Ghost Hospital on June 16.

One hundred twenty-one clinic visits have been made to the various medical clinics at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

During the first part of the year Dr. Kinsey looked after the medical needs of the children. Due to illness in the early spring she was forced to turn her work at Perkins over to Dr. Victor G. Balboni.

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MARJORIE POTTER, R.N.

PHYSICAL THERAPY DEPARTMENT

The aim of the Physical Therapy Department is to meet the specific needs of the orthopedic cases and to improve the posture and general physical condition of the pupils. This is accomplished through corrective exercises, ultra-violet treatments, infra-red treatments, and massages. Forty-one pupils had regularly scheduled corrective exercise periods throughout the year. All the pupils received two ultra-violet treatments a week during the year. One of the Harvard students gave the ultra-violet treatments to the Upper School boys. In the fall Dr. Frank R. Ober, Orthopedic Surgeon, examined 122 pupils. During the year thirty-seven Orthopedic Clinic appointments were made at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Six pupils received arch supports this year. One pupil was fitted to an orthopedic brace.

Summary of year's work:

SHIRLIE L. SMITH, R.P.T.T.

DENTIST'S REPORT, UPPER SCHOOL

The following is the report of dental operations performed for the pupils of the Upper School for the year 1945-1946:

Thorough prophylactic treatments of the Upper School were done by Forsyth Dental Infirmary. GEORGE E. CROWELL, D.M.D. DENTIST'S REPORT, LOWER SCHOOL

During the school year ending June 1946, the following dental work was performed for the pupils attending the Kindergarten for the Blind

This year we had the assistance of a dental hygienist in connection with a research investigation in regard to the arrest of dental caries by the use of fluorine. Dr. Basil G. Bibby, Dean of Tufts College Dental School, is conducting the research and furnished the hygienist. The investigation has not progressed far enough at this time to make a definite report, but we are expecting some interesting results.

REINHOLD RUELBERG, D.M.D.

WORKSHOP FOR ADULTS

WE RECEIVED more than the usual number of mattresses and pillows for renovation and our workers were paid more wages than in any previous year. The problem of obtaining ticking for mattress coverings was our principal worry. We managed to supply all our customers but sometimes we wondered when and where we would get ticking. Fortunately, one very good friend, the president of the Rose-Derry Company, one of the largest mattress manufacturers in this country, came to our rescue and let us have a bale of ticking; he also interested a number of other mattress companies, six in all, who each sold us a considerable quantity of ticking at cost, over 3,600 yards, which enabled us to carry on. This was a most friendly gesture on the part of these companies and our workers were very grateful for their timely aid.

The demand for slates, games and other articles made by the Howe Memorial Press continued unabated the entire year. More printed pages were turned out than usual, the largest item being for 2,000 Braille Calendars for the John Milton Society. The following is a summary of the work done and wages paid in the Workshop Department during the fiscal years 1945 and 1946:

FRANK C. BRYAN

HOWE MEMORIAL PRESS

WORK ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING AUGUST 31, 1946

PRINTING:

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FRANK C. BRYAN

LIST OF PUPILS

UPPER SCHOOL BOYS

Almond, Donald, New Bedford, Mass.
Appleby, J. Albert, Amesbury, Mass.
Arsnow, George, Fall River, Mass.
Berrouard, Richard, Chicoppe Falls, Mass.
Bertrand, Norman, Southbridge, Mass.
Boyd, Vernon, Lynn, Mass.
Broadbent, Samuel, Rumford, R. I.
Byrnes, James, Hackensack, N. J.
Cahoon, John, Westerly, R. I.
Cavallo, James A., West Newton, Mass.
Clarke, Richard, Royalston, Mass.
Conley, Paul, East Dedham, Mass.
Conroy, John, North Bergen, N. J.
Cordeau, Francis, Somerville, Mass.
Crabb, Hubert, Houlton, Maine
Crocker, Albert, Howland, Maine
Curtis, Harold, Belfast, Maine
Devine, James, Boston, Mass.
Dcvino, Francis, Brandon, Vt.
DeWitt, John, Northampton, Mass.
Dostie, Robert, Auburn, Maine
Eaton, Richard, Watertown, Mass.
Evensen, Richard, Roslindale, Mass.
Faragi, John, Saugus, Mass.
Feener, Walter, Gloucester, Mass.
Finnerty, Joseph, East Braintree, Mass.
Flynn, John T., Bangor, Maine
Fortes, Andrew, Harwich, Mass.
Fournier, Arthur, Lowell, Mass.
Higgins, William, Wilder, Vt.
Johansen, Nils, Watertown, Mass.
Kachadooeian, Gregory, Arlington, Mass.
Kamis, Richard, Mattapan, Mass.
Keefe, Lawrence, Woonsocket, R. I.
Kiwior, Bronislaw, Ludlow, Mass.
Little, Hollis, Concord, N. H.
Lopresti, Joseph, Chelsea, Mass.
McKenne, Thomas, Watertown, Mass.
McNally, Robert, East Providence, R. I.
Moriarty, Edward, Arlington, Mass.
Moseley, Edward, Marblehead, Mass.
Newton, Robert, Brockton, Mass.
Ordonez, Eduardo, Mexico
Paoloni, Raymond, Providence, R. I.
Pereira, Arthur, Mattapoisett, Mass.
Peterson, Edmund, Allston, Mass.
Phelps, Robert, Danbury, N. H.
Pieta, Joseph, Chicopee, Mass.
Pushard, Linwood, Richmond, Maine
Rempel, Evan, Dutton, Mont.
Rogers, Stephen, Medford, Mass.
Roy, Edward, Arlington, Mass.
Salazar, Joe, Sante Fe, N. Mex.
Salvatti, Anthony, Cranston, R. I.
Sardo, Anton, Springfield, Mass.
Savage, Charles, Machias, Maine
Skinner, Gardner, Danvers, Mass.
Surette, Howard, Boston, Mass.
Turbide, Paul, Rumford, Maine
Walton, Everett, Saco, Maine
White, Paul, Somerville, Mass.

UPPER SCHOOL GIRLS

Amoral, Elizabeth, Franklin, Mass.
Alves, Anita, New Bedford, Mass.
Appleby, Dorothy, Cambridge, Mass.
Baker, Frances, Springfield, Vt.
Banda, Theresa, Cambridge, Mass.
Barber, Dorothy, Taunton, Mass.
Berarducei, Joan, Providence, R. I
Blakely, Priscilla, Medford, Mass.
Blanchette, Esther, Holyoke, Mass.
Bourdon, Natalie, Wollaston, Mass.
Bryant, Jeanne, Allston, Mass.
Bull, Mary Ethel, Savannah, Ga.
Cayo, Irene, Lewiston, Maine
Cordeau, Mary Helen, Somerville, Mass.
Corkum, Jacqueline, Boston, Mass.
Daniels, Tina Lou, Spanish Fork, Utah
Dauphinee, Mailer, Hampden, Maine
Delorey, Elizabeth, Woburn, Mass.
Drake, Marylizabeth, Amherst, Mass.
Driakwine, Marjorie, Winstead, Conn.
Farrar, Norma, Winchester, Mass.
Faucette, Nancy, Cambridge, Mass
Gaudreau, Lorraine, Claremont, N. H.
Gonzales, Rosita, Newark, N. J.
Greenlaw, Dorothy, Auburn, Maine
Hearn, Kathryn, Hogansville, Ga.
Hill, Gloria, Windsor, Vermont
Kenney, Jeanne, Dorchester, Mass.
Lally, Margaret, Brighton, Mass.
Landi, Elena, Providence, R. I.
Litton, Ethel Anne, Kansas City, Mo.
MacDonald, Hope, Braintree, Mass.
Marcil, Sylvia, Chicopee, Mass.
Marrama, Josephine, Roslindale, Mass.
McIntosh, Marjorie, Bedford, Mass.
Miscio, Rose, Washington, Penn.
Noto, Rose, East Paterson, N. J.
Patch, Joyc, Perkinsville, Vt.
Pevear, Louella, Hampton, N. H.
Poole, Jeanne, Bloomfield, N. J.
Porcaro, Helen, Providence, R. I.
Porcaro, Marcelline, Providence, R. I.
Roode, Marilyn, Nashua, N. H.
Rothermel, Lillian, Providence, R. I.
Ryan, Judith, Roslindale, Mass.
Shimokawa, Hideko, Hawaii
Sim, Jane, Peabody, Mass.
Taylor, Louise, Pittsfield, Mass.
Whitney, Barbara, Worcester, Mass.
Wright, Louise, Pittsfield, Maine
Younger, Lorraine, Roxbury, Mass.

DEAF-BLIND DEPARTMENT

Brown, James, Hattiesburg, Miss.
Casella, Grace, Waltham, Mass.
Champ, James, Virgil, Kan.
DeLeat, Myrtle, Wausaukee, Wis.
Dowdy, Leonard, Sedalia, Mo.
Gonyea, Janice, Dalton, Mass.
Mansfield, Pauline, Seattle, Wash.
Morgan, Juanita, Nothrop, Col.
Norris, Perry, Birmingham, Ala.
Otero, Carmela, Newark, N. J.
Shipman, Gloria, Cape Giraudeau, Mo.

LOWER SCHOOL BOYS

Addy, Allan R., Pawtucket, R.I.
Albee, Carl, Machias, Maine
Appleby, Daniel, Cambridge, Mass.
Ashby, Dallas, Charlotte, Maine
Baggett, Lawrence, Boston, Mass.
Banda, Richard, Cambridge, Mass.
Bellantoni, Joseph, Belmont, Mass.
Blake, George, Rochester, N. H.
Bourgoine. Arthur, Brunswick, Maine
Cheever, David, Millis, Mass.
Coy, Erwin, Durham, Maine
Davis, Arthur, Bath, Maine
Delphia, Francis, Fitchburg, Mass.
Duffy, Thomas, Amherst, Mass.
Fermin, Robert, New Bedford, Mass.
Fournier, Raymond, Lowell, Mass.
Gasper, Alfred, Taunton, Mass.
Germano, Manuel, Bristol, R. I.
Gosselin, Louis A., Manchester, N. H.
Hawthorne, John, Amherst, Mass.
Holden, David, Boston, Mass.
Horigan, Robert, Mattapan, Mass.
Irwin, Gordon, Watertown, Mass.
Johnson, Scott, Templeton, Mass.
Johnson, Stephen, West Lebanon. N. H.
Kagan, Stanley, Chicopee. Mass.
Leh, George, Greenfield, Mass.
Leotta, Louis, Revere, Mass.
Libby, Alvah, Lincoln, Maine
Little, Donald, Concord, N. H.
Little, Tim, Houston, Texas
Lunden, Paul, Brattleboro, Vt.
Lynch, John, Boston, Mass.
Mahoney, John, North Andover, Mass.
McCafferty, Hugh, Mexico, Maine
McDonald, Francis. Sharon, Mass.
McLaughlin, George, Wilmington, Mass.
Melican, Walter, Watertown, Mass.
Moore, Norman, Randolph, Vt.
Morse, Stanley, Boston, Mass.
Murray, Russell, Woburn, Mass.
Nicholas, Oliver, Lewiston, Maine
Nunes, Ronald, Providence, R. I.
Osborn, James, England
Pacheco, Francis, Fall River, Mass.
Pacheco, Joseph, Somerset, Mass.
Paradise, Maurice, Nashua, N. H.
Perry, Albert, Hillsgrove, R. I.
Phifer, George, Fall River, Mass.
Piraino, James, Gloucester, Mass.
Potter, Bernard, South Lubec, Maine
Randall, Roger, Brockton, Mass.
Rathbun, Robert, West Medford, Mass.
Raymond, Carl, Fairfax, Vt.
Reynolds, Carl, Westford, Vt.
Richards, John, Farmington, Maine
Richards, Paul, Dover, N. H.
Rollo, Daniel, Quincy, Mass.
Roy, Laurent, Woonsocket, R. I.
Sargent, Richard, Windsor, Vt.
Silveria, Joseph, Newport, R. I.
Smith, Charles, Medford, Mass.
Snow, Charles, Haverhill, Mass.
Snyder, Edward, Three Rivers, Mass.
Stevens, John, Jamaica Plain, Mass.
Towle, James, Walpole, Mass.
Tripp, Raymond, West Yarmouth, Mass.
Turner, Robert, Burlington, Vt.
Vasapolli, Joseph, Woburn, Mass.
Vella, Louis, South Boston, Mass.
Walsh, William, Hopkinton, Mass.
Weisler, Donald, Quincy, Mass.
Wenning, Harold, Worcester, Mass.
White, Lloyd, Rochester, N. H.
Young, Robert, West Paris, Maine

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LOWER SCHOOL GIRLS

Accord, Rachel, Franklin, Mass.
Baker, Amelia, Grand Isle, Vt.
Bleakney, Brenda, Oak Bluffs, Mass.
Boyd, Janet, Chelmsford, Mass.
Boyle, Maureen, Dracut, Mass.
Brown, Beverly Ann, Woburn, Mass.
Clary, Janet, Laurens, S. C.
Daigneault, Aline, North Adams, Mass.
DeAngelis, Dorothy, Providence, R. I.
Doustou, Bernadette, Fort Kent, Maine
Dowling, Patricia, Lawrence, Mass.
Doyen, Marjorie, Bethel, Maine
Driben, Joyce, Dorchester, Mass.
Dunlap, Elizabeth, New Orleans, La.
Finan, Irene, Providence, R. I.
Forrest, Maureen, Chicopee, Mass.
Francis, Mary Ann, Providence, R. I.
Frank, Patricia, Nashua, N.H.
Gauquier, Ellen, Kingston, Mass.
Gerdes, Helen, Portland, Maine
Glines, Joan, Twin Mountain, N. H.
Halekas, Joyce, Roxbury, Mass.
Johnson, Lillian, Everett, Mass.
Lareau, Mary Ann, Worcester, Mass.
LeBlanc, Joan, Framingham, Mass.
Leonard, Ann Marie, Malden, Mass.
Libby, Virginia, Lincoln, Maine
Matthews, Lucy, Cambridge, Mass.
McAuliffe, Barbara, Roxbury, Mass.
McClure, Ann Marie, Augusta, Maine
McLaughlin, Rita, Wilmington, Mass.
McNulty, Rosalind, Dorchester, Mass.
Mercey, Cynthia, Jeffersonville, Vt.
Merrill, Nancie, Dover, N. H.
Nerney, Carol, North Attleboro, Mass.
Nichols, Barbara, Essex Center, Vt.
Noddin, Sandra, Groton, Mass.
Nyland, Collette, Beverly, Mass.
O'Donnell, Patricia, Salem, Mass.
Olson, Gloria, Augusta, Maine
Pacheco, Priscilla, Somerset, Mass.
Pelkey, Joyce, Bangor, Maine
Phifer, Joy, Fall River, Mass.
Pinkham, Paula, Malden, Mass.
Pollselli, Anna, Worcester, Mass.
Porter, Virginia, Lubec, Maine
Raycraft, Ann Marie, Dover, N. H.
Reed, Anita, Dover, N. H.
Russell, Patricia, Roxbury, Mass.
Schmidt, Alice Karen, Webster, Mass.
Silvia, Barbara, Taunton, Mass.
Stevens, Thelma, Sherborn, Mass.
Thorsen, Sylvia, Lynn, Mass.
Tripp, Judith, West Yarmouth, Mass.
Wattrick, Barbara, Worcester, Mass.
Wells, Marion, Farmington, N.H

ENROLLMENT BY STATES -- OCTOBER 1, 1946

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR CONCERTS, RECITALS, AND DRAMATICS

To Miss SELMA LUDWIG for two tickets to a piano recital; to MRS. FELICA KUTTEN for two tickets to Alexander Brovosky's recital; to FIRST NATIONAL BANK for tickets to Sunday afternoon concerts throughout the season; to CATHOLIC GUILD FOR THE BLIND for thirty-three tickets to Guild Choristers concert in Jordan Hall; to JUNIOR LEAGUE OF BOSTON for invitations to attend their performance of "Rumpelstiltskin"; to MISS DEBORAH KIMBALL for tickets to concerts.

II. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOR TALKS AND CONCERTS IN OUR HALL

To MISS ALICE M. CARPENTER, MISS GAYATI DEVI, MISS WINIFRED H. HATHAWAY, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, MISS ALFRIEDA MOSHER, MADAME G. PISART, DR. EDWARD E. ALLEN, FRANCIS M. ANDREWS, DAN HUNTINGTON FEN JR., REV. JOHN FITZSIMMONS, ROBERT H. HALLOWELL, JAMES H. KENT, DR. WALTER KALLENBACK, CHRISTOPHER LEGG, MATTHEW DI MARTINO, WILLIAM MCGREAL, HENRY RICHARDS, RT. REV. WILLIAM T. ROBERTS, SGT. HAROLD RUSSELL, CAPTAIN STEPTOE, for talks at Upper School Assembly.

To MISS RUTH HAYDEN, author of "Erma at Perkins," MISS ETHEL PARKER, Home Teacher, MISS EUNICE W. WILSON of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, DR. EDWARD E. ALLEN, ROBERT H. HALLOWELL, DR. HUGO B.C. RIEMER, ARTHUR F. SULLIVAN, for talks to the Harvard Class.

To MRS. EDGAR W. ANDERSON for speaking to the Staff.

To MR. ALEXANDER HUSTON, Water Safety Instructor of the Red Cross, for swimming lessons to pupils.

To MISS MARY MUNN of Toronto for piano recital for students.

To MISS RUTH COX for reading poems and Christmas story at Lower School Assembly.

To the OFFICERS AND MEN of U.S.S Wasp for party given the entire school aboard the Aircraft Carrier.

To the clergy of Watertown for assembly talks during the Lenten Season.

To the patriotic organizations of Watertown for exercises in commemoration of Memorial Day.

To the Catholic Guild for the Blind and to the Protestant Guild for the Blind for religious instruction.

III. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR BOOKS AND PERIODICALS

Embossed Periodicals - All Story Braille Magazine, Arkansas Braille News, Braille Courier, Braille Book Review, Braille Star Theophist, Campus News, Catholic Digest, Catholic Messenger, Catholic Review, Children's Friend, Christian Record, Christian Science Bible Lessons, Church Herald for the Blind, Discovery, The Evangel, Forward Day by Day, Herald of Christian Science, Home Teacher, Illinois Braille Messenger, The Illuminator, Jewish Braille Review, John Milton Magazine, Junior Evangel, Kentucky Colonel, Lions Juvenile Braille Monthly, Lutheran Messenger for the Blind, Lux Vera, Maryland Oriole, Matilda Ziegler Magazine, Messenger of the Sightless, Ohio Ray, Our Special, Red and White, Readers Digest, School Journal, The Searchlight, Texas Meteor, Unity Daily Work, Weekly News, Wee Wisdom.

Page 21:

Ink Print Periodicals- Alabama Messenger, Arizona Cactus, Colorado Index, Dawn, Desde las Sombras, Du Pont Magazine, Light, Los Ciegos, Luces, Maryland Oriole, Ohio Ray, Optimist, Our Dumb Animals, Red and White, Rocky Mountain Leader, Royer-Greaves Monthly, St. Dunstan's Review, The Seer, Utah Eagle, Virginia Guide, Welfare Bulletin, West Virginia Tablet.

To ALICE E. ALDRICH, DONNA ANTONELLIS, JOSEPHINE S. BIDWELL, JESSIE DOANE, ELEANOR DONAHUE, DORTHEA A. DRUEX, NORA G. FAIRBANK, IDA FELDMAN, HERMINE M. GLASSER, LOUISE R. HAWKINS, EDITH A. HEMINGWAY, MARJORIE HUNT, MADELINE JACOBS, EDNA M. KELLY, HELEN E. MAHONEY, ANNE N. OLMSTED, LEONA S. RENNIE, CAROLINE SEVER, EMMA A. SPENCER, and ROSE WIENBERG for hand-transcribed books for the Lower School.

To BAHA-I SERVICES FOR THE BLIND, MRS. GAYATRI DEUI, ROBERT FRIED, DR. A.C. GROTH, HADLEY CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL, RULDOLF STIENER BRAILLE ASSOCIATION, for embossed books.

To ALYN & BACON, AMERICAN PETROLEUM COMPANY, CHARLES E. BUELL, CLEVELAND SOCIETY FOR THE BLIND, REV. JOHN J. CONNOLLY, RUTH DAVIES, GENERAL MOTORS COMPANY, B.F. GOODRICH COMPANY, MARY B. KNOWLTON, CARL H. KOPF, NATIONAL FOREMEN'S INSTITUTE, READER'S DIGEST PROGRAM SERVICE, CARL L. SPONHOLTZ, and FLORENCE J. WORTH for ink print books.

To the AMERICAN PRINTING HOUSE FOR THE BLIND, Louisville, Kentucky, and its patrons for talking book copies of the Reader's Digest.

NATIONAL BRAILLE PRESS, BOSTON; ORANGE AND MAPELWOOD, NEW JERSEY, CHAPTERS, SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA CHAPTER and NEW YORK CHAPTER, AMERICAN RED CROSS, for binding many copies of hand-transcribed books.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS OF GIFTS

To the DAUGHTERS OF VERMONT for Christmas gifts to the children from Vermont; to the SHAMUT LODGE for gift of toys to children in the Lower School for Christmas; to MRS. PAULINE M. HUMPHREYS of Newport News, Virginia for Christmas gifts to Bernadette Doustou and Jimmy Osborn; to the FIRNABANK CLUB of the First National Bank of Boston for Christmas gifts for the children.

To the CATHOLIC GUILD FOR THE BLIND for many material gifts of clothing through the year and gifts and parties at Christmas.

To MISS JEAN MILLER for several sleds.

To MRS. FREDICK C. HERSEE, MRS. JUSTINE KASSELLS, MISS KEATING, MRS. J.A JOHNSON, DR. W.H. YOUNG, WOMEN'S GUILD, First Parish Church, Belmont, and MR. BERNARD J. ROTHWELL, for gifts of money to be used at Christmas.

To the DEAN FOUNDATION FOR LITTLE CHILDREN, for a gift of money which was used for unusual medical expenses and material needs for children in the Lower School.

To MR. DAVID BAIRD for money during the year for material help to various students in the School.

To the BOSTON COMMITTEE FOR THE BLIND for entertainment and money for boys to go to camp.

To the LIONS CLUB for making it possible for several Boy Scouts to attend summer camp.

To the KIWANIS CLUB for their continued direction of Camp Allen.

To MRS. ANTHONY CAVALLO and MR. EUGENE SISKEND for pianos.

To Miss CLARA LOUISA PENNY for silver pitcher and tray belonging to Miss Maria Moulton; to MISS MARY MOULTON for a watch belonging to Miss Maria Moulton.

To MR. A. L. PARKER for gift of money to the Library.

To MRS. FREDERIC D. LAKE, MRS. ARTHUR W. MUDGE and MR. ABRAHAMRUBIN for gifts of money.

To MR. MOSES D. FELDMAN and MR. WYTHE WALKER for money used for circus tickets.

To MR. RICHARD S. WORMER for a gift of money in memory of his wife.

To MR. F. MARSHALL BEAN for gift of rocks, minerals and fossils for use in the Museum.

To MRS. GRACE WARREN for a talking book.

To MRS. J. W. FARLEY for a mimeograph machine.

To MR. ALLEN HEMPEL, President of Telex Company, for an amplifying unit for use with the deaf-blind.

To MRS. IDA M. ROBIER for flowers in the name of Ole H. Dahl. To MRS. WILLIAM L. CURTIS for feathers from feather bed and pad.

To MRS. ROBERT C. MERRIAM for a gold wrist watch in Braille.

To MRS. CLARA BELLE SCHNIEDER for a gift of money to be used for trips to the beach and picnics for the children.

To MR. Ross for seven pairs of frames for glasses.

To MRS. FRANKLIN W. SCOTT for Braille books and writing devices.

To MRS. H. E. LEWIS for dominoes with raised markings.

To MR. V. C. SANFORD for a pair of frosted glasses.

STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS

Boston, Massachusetts
October 18, 1946

To the Board of Trustees,
Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind:

I have audited the books of account of the Institution for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1946 and found that all income from investments and proceeds from sales of securities and investment real estate have been accounted for, and that the donations and miscellaneous receipts, as shown by the books, have been deposited in bank to the credit of the Treasurer of the Institution.

I have vouched all disbursements and verified the bank balances at the close of the fiscal year.

All securities, as shown by the books, were properly accounted for by certification of the custodians.

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In my opinion the accompanying statements, covering the Institution, Kindergarten and Howe Memorial Press Fund, present fairly their financial position at August 31, 1946 and the results from operations for the year ended that date.

Respectfully submitted,

JOHN MONTGOMERY,
Certified Public Accountant

INSTITUTION DEPARTMENT

BALANCE SHEET, AUGUST 31, 1946

Assets

Plant:

Equipment:

Investments:

Liabilities

Funds and Legacies:

TREASURER'S CONDENSED INCOME ACCOUNT YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

Expenses:

DIRECTOR'S EXPENSE ACCOUNT

Institution and Kindergarten Combined

YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

Administration:

Special Departments:

Education:

Household:

Maintenance:

Other Expenses:

SPECIAL FUNDS INCOME ACCOUNT

WORKS DEPARTMENT

BALANCE SHEET, AUGUST 31, 1946

Assets

Liabilities

Income

Expenses

Page 23:

INSTITUTION FUNDS, AUGUST 31, 1946

Special funds:

Permanent Funds (income for general purposes):

General funds (principal and income for general purposes):

General funds (principal and income for general purposes) -- continued

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General funds (principal and income for general purposes) -- concluded

HOWE MEMORIAL PRESS FUNDS, AUGUST 31, 1946

Special funds:

General funds (principal and income for general purposes):

HOWE MEMORIAL PRESS FUND

BALANCE SHEET, AUGUST 31, 1946

Assets

Equipment and supplies:

Liabilities

TREASURER'S CONDENSED INCOME ACCOUNT

YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

Expenses:

MANAGER'S EXPENSE ACCOUNT
YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

Maintenance and operation of plant:

KINDERGARTEN DEPARTMENT

BALANCE SHEET, AUGUST 31, 1946

Assets

Plant:

Equipment:

Investments:

Page 25:

Liabilities

Funds and legacies:

TREASURER'S CONDENSED INCOME ACCOUNT

YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

Expenses:

SPECIAL FUND INCOME

ACCOUNT YEAR ENDED AUGUST 31, 1946

GENERAL ACCOUNT, AUGUST 31, 1946

KINDERGARTEN FUNDS, AUGUST 31, 1946

Special funds:

Permanent funds (income for general purposes):

General funds (principal and income for general purposes)

General funds (principal and income for general purposes) - Continued